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      The Ethical Significance of Antimicrobial Resistance

      editorial
      Author(s): *
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Public Health Ethics
      Publisher: Oxford University Press

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          Abstract

          In this paper, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the ethical challenges that arise in the context of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which includes an introduction to the contributions to the symposium in this issue. We begin by discussing why AMR is a distinct ethical issue, and should not be viewed purely as a technical or medical problem. In the second section, we expand on some of these arguments and argue that AMR presents us with a broad range of ethical problems that must be addressed as part of a successful policy response to emerging drug resistance. In the third section, we discuss how some of these ethical challenges should be addressed, and we argue that this requires contributions from citizens, ethicists, policy makers, practitioners and industry. We conclude with an overview of steps that should be taken in moving forward and addressing the ethical problems of AMR.

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          Antibiotic resistance-the need for global solutions.

          Ramanan Laxminarayan, Adriano Duse, Chand Wattal … (2013)
          The causes of antibiotic resistance are complex and include human behaviour at many levels of society; the consequences affect everybody in the world. Similarities with climate change are evident. Many efforts have been made to describe the many different facets of antibiotic resistance and the interventions needed to meet the challenge. However, coordinated action is largely absent, especially at the political level, both nationally and internationally. Antibiotics paved the way for unprecedented medical and societal developments, and are today indispensible in all health systems. Achievements in modern medicine, such as major surgery, organ transplantation, treatment of preterm babies, and cancer chemotherapy, which we today take for granted, would not be possible without access to effective treatment for bacterial infections. Within just a few years, we might be faced with dire setbacks, medically, socially, and economically, unless real and unprecedented global coordinated actions are immediately taken. Here, we describe the global situation of antibiotic resistance, its major causes and consequences, and identify key areas in which action is urgently needed. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
          Article 0 comments Cited 1505 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship.

            Timothy H Dellit, Robert Owens, John E. McGowan … (2007)
            Article 0 comments Cited 848 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              The tragedy of the commons. The population problem has no technical solution; it requires a fundamental extension in morality.

              G. Hardin (1968)
              Article 0 comments Cited 427 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Public Health Ethics
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Public Health Ethics
                Journal ID (publisher-id): phe
                Journal ID (hwp): phe
                Title: Public Health Ethics
                Publisher: Oxford University Press
                ISSN (Print): 1754-9973
                ISSN (Electronic): 1754-9981
                Publication date (Print): November 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 September 2015
                Publication date PMC-release: 30 September 2015
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 209-224
                Affiliations
                Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel
                Southampton Law School, University of Southampton
                Author notes
                *Corresponding author: Jasper Littmann, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Street 3, Haus 28, 24105 Kiel, Germany. Tel.: +49 (0)431-597-3120; Fax: +49 (0)431-597-3122; Email: j.littmann@ 123456iem.uni-kiel.de
                Article
                Publisher ID: phv025
                DOI: 10.1093/phe/phv025
                PMC ID: 4638062
                PubMed ID: 26566395
                SO-VID: c5a4a5f3-9c23-4e9d-a6af-3feab922306e
                Copyright © © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. Available online at www.phe.oxfordjournals.org
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Page count
                Pages: 16
                Categories
                Subject: Special Symposium: Antimicrobial Resistance

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health

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