Folic Acid-Adorned Curcumin-Loaded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Cervical Cancer

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Abstract

Cancer is a deadly disease that has long plagued humans and has become more prevalent in recent years. The common treatment modalities for this disease have always faced many problems and complications, and this has led to the discovery of strategies for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The use of magnetic nanoparticles in the past two decades has had a significant impact on this. One of the objectives of the present study is to introduce the special properties of these nanoparticles and how they are structured to load and transport drugs to tumors. In this study, iron oxide (Fe ₃O ₄) nanoparticles with 6 nm sizes were coated with hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and folic acid (FA). The functionalized nanoparticles (10–20 nm) were less likely to aggregate compared to non-functionalized nanoparticles. HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ and FA@HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ nanoparticles were compared in drug loading procedures with curcumin. HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ and FA@HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ nanoparticles’ maximal drug-loading capacities were determined to be 82 and 88%, respectively. HeLa cells and mouse L929 fibroblasts treated with nanoparticles took up more FA@HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ nanoparticles than HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ nanoparticles. The FA@HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ nanoparticles produced in the current investigation have potential as anticancer drug delivery systems. For the purpose of diagnosis, incubation of HeLa cells with nanoparticles decreased MRI signal enhancement’s percentage and the largest alteration was observed after incubation with FA@HPG@Fe ₃O ₄ nanoparticles.

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Cancer statistics, 2022

Rebecca Siegel, Kimberly D Miller, Hannah Fuchs … (2022)

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes. Incidence data (through 2018) were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data (through 2019) were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2022, 1,918,030 new cancer cases and 609,360 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States, including approximately 350 deaths per day from lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death. Incidence during 2014 through 2018 continued a slow increase for female breast cancer (by 0.5% annually) and remained stable for prostate cancer, despite a 4% to 6% annual increase for advanced disease since 2011. Consequently, the proportion of prostate cancer diagnosed at a distant stage increased from 3.9% to 8.2% over the past decade. In contrast, lung cancer incidence continued to decline steeply for advanced disease while rates for localized-stage increased suddenly by 4.5% annually, contributing to gains both in the proportion of localized-stage diagnoses (from 17% in 2004 to 28% in 2018) and 3-year relative survival (from 21% to 31%). Mortality patterns reflect incidence trends, with declines accelerating for lung cancer, slowing for breast cancer, and stabilizing for prostate cancer. In summary, progress has stagnated for breast and prostate cancers but strengthened for lung cancer, coinciding with changes in medical practice related to cancer screening and/or treatment. More targeted cancer control interventions and investment in improved early detection and treatment would facilitate reductions in cancer mortality.

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Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis

Marc Arbyn, Elisabete Weiderpass, Laia Bruni … (2019)

Summary Background The knowledge that persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer has resulted in the development of prophylactic vaccines to prevent HPV infection and HPV assays that detect nucleic acids of the virus. WHO has launched a Global Initiative to scale up preventive, screening, and treatment interventions to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem during the 21st century. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the existing burden of cervical cancer as a baseline from which to assess the effect of this initiative. Methods For this worldwide analysis, we used data of cancer estimates from 185 countries from the Global Cancer Observatory 2018 database. We used a hierarchy of methods dependent on the availability and quality of the source information from population-based cancer registries to estimate incidence of cervical cancer. For estimation of cervical cancer mortality, we used the WHO mortality database. Countries were grouped in 21 subcontinents and were also categorised as high-resource or lower-resource countries, on the basis of their Human Development Index. We calculated the number of cervical cancer cases and deaths in a given country, directly age-standardised incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer, indirectly standardised incidence ratio and mortality ratio, cumulative incidence and mortality rate, and average age at diagnosis. Findings Approximately 570 000 cases of cervical cancer and 311 000 deaths from the disease occurred in 2018. Cervical cancer was the fourth most common cancer in women, ranking after breast cancer (2·1 million cases), colorectal cancer (0·8 million) and lung cancer (0·7 million). The estimated age-standardised incidence of cervical cancer was 13·1 per 100 000 women globally and varied widely among countries, with rates ranging from less than 2 to 75 per 100 000 women. Cervical cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related death in women in eastern, western, middle, and southern Africa. The highest incidence was estimated in Eswatini, with approximately 6·5% of women developing cervical cancer before age 75 years. China and India together contributed more than a third of the global cervical burden, with 106 000 cases in China and 97 000 cases in India, and 48 000 deaths in China and 60 000 deaths in India. Globally, the average age at diagnosis of cervical cancer was 53 years, ranging from 44 years (Vanuatu) to 68 years (Singapore). The global average age at death from cervical cancer was 59 years, ranging from 45 years (Vanuatu) to 76 years (Martinique). Cervical cancer ranked in the top three cancers affecting women younger than 45 years in 146 (79%) of 185 countries assessed. Interpretation Cervical cancer continues to be a major public health problem affecting middle-aged women, particularly in less-resourced countries. The global scale-up of HPV vaccination and HPV-based screening—including self-sampling—has potential to make cervical cancer a rare disease in the decades to come. Our study could help shape and monitor the initiative to eliminate cervical cancer as a major public health problem. Funding Belgian Foundation Against Cancer, DG Research and Innovation of the European Commission, and The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Design and Synthesis to Real World Applications

Jiri Kudr, Yazan Haddad, Lukas Richtera … (2017)

The increasing number of scientific publications focusing on magnetic materials indicates growing interest in the broader scientific community. Substantial progress was made in the synthesis of magnetic materials of desired size, morphology, chemical composition, and surface chemistry. Physical and chemical stability of magnetic materials is acquired by the coating. Moreover, surface layers of polymers, silica, biomolecules, etc. can be designed to obtain affinity to target molecules. The combination of the ability to respond to the external magnetic field and the rich possibilities of coatings makes magnetic materials universal tool for magnetic separations of small molecules, biomolecules and cells. In the biomedical field, magnetic particles and magnetic composites are utilized as the drug carriers, as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and in magnetic hyperthermia. However, the multifunctional magnetic particles enabling the diagnosis and therapy at the same time are emerging. The presented review article summarizes the findings regarding the design and synthesis of magnetic materials focused on biomedical applications. We highlight the utilization of magnetic materials in separation/preconcentration of various molecules and cells, and their use in diagnosis and therapy.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): ACS Appl Bio Mater

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): ACS Appl Bio Mater

Journal ID (publisher-id): mt

Journal ID (coden): aabmcb

Title: ACS Applied Bio Materials

Publisher: American Chemical Society

ISSN (Electronic): 2576-6422

Publication date (Electronic): 24 February 2022

Publication date (Print): 21 March 2022

Volume: 5

Issue: 3

Pages: 1305-1318

Affiliations

[† ]Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , 1417614411 Tehran, Iran

[‡ ]Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany

[§ ]Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan , Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran

[∥ ]Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences , Qazvin 241567, Iran

[⊥ ]Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran 1668814811, P.O. Box: 14115-331, Iran

[# ]Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran 1668814811, P.O. Box: 14956-161, Iran

[∇ ]School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences , Bam 7661771967, Iran

[○ ]Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University , Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey

[◆ ]Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM) , Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey

[¶ ]Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interfaces , viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy

[& ]Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology , G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland

[● ]Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology , P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran

[◊ ]School of Engineering, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia

Author notes

[* ]Email: pooyan.makvandi@ 123456iit.it .

[* ]Email: nrabiee94@ 123456gmail.com ; navid.rabiee@ 123456mq.edu.au .

Author information

Pooyan Makvandi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-0961

Mohammad Reza Saeb https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7860-5243

Navid Rabiee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-8541

Article

DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01311

PMC ID: 8941513

PubMed ID: 35201760

SO-VID: ffe739fb-93a5-4f04-932b-2bafdde84110

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Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

History

Date received : 27 December 2021

Date accepted : 07 February 2022

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document-id-old-9 mt1c01311

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Keywords: cervical cancer therapy,curcumin,iron oxide nanoparticles,mri,polyglycerol,targeted delivery

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Keywords: cervical cancer therapy, curcumin, iron oxide nanoparticles, mri, polyglycerol, targeted delivery

Folic Acid-Adorned Curcumin-Loaded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Cervical Cancer

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Abstract

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Most cited references 75

Cancer statistics, 2022

Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis

Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Design and Synthesis to Real World Applications

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