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      Spinal subdural hematoma with cauda equina syndrome: A complication of combined spinal epidural anesthesia

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          Abstract

          Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSE) is considered safe in lower limb surgeries. We report a case of sudden neurological deterioration in a stable postoperative patient who was given CSE for total knee replacement and low molecular weight heparin in postoperative period. On the 4 th postoperative day, she developed sudden onset weakness in left lower limb along with bladder incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging spine revealed a subdural hematoma at L2-L3 level. Immediate laminectomy along with cord decompression was done and patient recovered well except for a persistent foot drop on left side.

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          Most cited references11

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          Anticoagulants and spinal-epidural anesthesia.

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            Neurological complications after anaesthesia. A follow-up of 18,000 spinal and epidural anaesthetics performed over three years.

            17 733 consecutive central blocks (8501 spinal and 9232 epidural anaesthetics) performed during a three-year period were analyzed for alleged complications. Neurological complications related to anaesthesia were reported in 17 cases of which 13 patients had persisting lesions after three spinal and ten epidural blocks. In two patients given spinal anaesthesia, the technique was inadequate. In seven epidural blocks, the connection between neurological lesion and the anaesthetic technique could be argued. In five of these cases, polyneuropathy or nonspecific neurological symptoms were present. Three complications after epidural blocks were paraplegias caused by spinal haematomas in patients with deranged haemostatic capacity.
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              Serious complications associated with spinal and epidural anaesthesia in Finland from 2000 to 2009.

              Analyses of closed claims provide insight into the characteristics of rare complications. Serious complications related to spinal and epidural blocks are relatively rare. In Finland, all malpractice cases are primarily handled by the Patient Insurance Centre (PIC) within a 'no-fault scheme'.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol
                J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol
                JOACP
                Journal of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0970-9185
                2231-2730
                Apr-Jun 2015
                : 31
                : 2
                : 244-245
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Anaesthesia, Shanti Mukund Hospital, New Delhi, India
                [1 ]Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Dr. S N Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
                [2 ]Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Priyanka Sethi, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur-342001, Rajasthan, India. E-mail: dr.priyanka_sethi@ 123456yahoo.co.in
                Article
                JOACP-31-244
                10.4103/0970-9185.155158
                4411844
                25948911
                fc784ca7-e067-448c-aa19-c6e8348b2d23
                Copyright: © Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Case Report

                Anesthesiology & Pain management
                cauda equina syndrome,combined spinal epidural anesthesia,epidural analgesia,subdural hematoma

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