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      Interaktive intraoperative Annotation chirurgischer Anatomie in der studentischen Ausbildung zur Unterstützung der Lerneffizienz und -motivation Translated title: Interactive intraoperative annotation of surgical landmarks in student education to support learning efficiency and motivation

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          Abstract

          Hintergrund

          Durch die Entwicklung technologischer Innovationen haben sich nicht nur das gesellschaftliche Leben und das Gesundheitssystem verändert, sondern auch die Anforderungen an die Lehre. Ziel dieser Pilotstudie war es zu evaluieren, ob Studierende bei der Observation eines mikrochirurgischen Eingriffs am Schläfenbein mit Annotation chirurgischer Landmarken ein zusätzliches Verständnis anatomischer Strukturen erlangen, wenn eine Visualisierung verwendet wird, die für Chirurg und Betrachter gleiche 3‑D-Ansichten bietet.

          Material und Methoden

          Während regulärer Anwesenheitspraktika wurden Studierende drei Gruppen randomisiert zugewiesen: Kontroll‑, 2‑D‑ oder 3‑D-Gruppe. Mithilfe von Evaluationsbögen/intraoperativer Annotation chirurgischer Landmarken des Operationssitus erfolgte die Beurteilung des subjektiv didaktischen Werts verschiedener Visualisierungsformate und daraus resultierender Lernerfahrungen.

          Ergebnisse

          47 Studierende konnten in die Studie einbezogen werden. Die Mehrheit der Studierenden gab einen sehr hohen Mehrwert der 3‑D-Visualisierung bezüglich der Methode (70 %) und der Anschaulichkeit (80 %) im Vergleich zur 2‑D‑ und Kontrollgruppe an. 69 % der Studierenden stimmten der Aussage voll und ganz zu, dass die 2‑D- und 3‑D-Visualisierung die Lernmotivation erhöht und sehr gut geeignet ist, Topographie/und Strukturen besser zu erkennen.

          Schlussfolgerung

          Die Verwendung interaktiver Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten in der Lehre unterstützt die Lerneffizienz und ‑motivation der Studierenden. Besonders die 3‑D-Visualisierung und die intraoperative Annotation des Operationssitus ist ein nützliches Werkzeug in der Lehre und erhöht die Qualität dieser. Sie unterstützt die Wahrnehmung der anatomischen Topographie und ermöglicht eine gezieltere chirurgische Ausbildung.

          Translated abstract

          Background

          The development of technological innovations has not only changed social life and the healthcare system, but also affects medical education. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate whether students, when observing a microsurgical procedure of the temporal bone, gain an additional understanding of the anatomical structures and surgical site when visualization is used that provides identical views for the surgeon and viewer in 3D.

          Materials and methods

          During regular attendance tutorials, students were randomly assigned to three different groups: control group, 2D group, or 3D group. Evaluation questionnaires and intraoperative student annotation of the surgical view were used to assess the subjective didactic value of different visualization formats and resultant learning experiences for the students.

          Results

          A total of 47 students were included in the investigations during conventional attendance tutorials. The majority indicated a high added value of the 3D visualization in terms of method (70%) and vividness (80%) compared to the 2D group and self-study; 69% of the students fully agreed with the statement that 2D and 3D visualization increases learning motivation and is a very good way to improve recognition of anatomical topography and structures.

          Conclusion

          New interactive visualization options in teaching promote learning efficiency and motivation among students. Especially 3D visualization and intraoperative annotation of the surgical view by the student is a useful didactic tool and increases the quality of clinical teaching. It supports the perception of anatomical topography and enables more focused surgical training.

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          Most cited references36

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          COVID-19 and medical education

          The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has rapidly transitioned into a worldwide pandemic. This development has had serious implications for public institutions and raises particular questions for medical schools. Frequent rotations between departments and hospitals make medical students potential vectors for COVID-19. Equally, as trainee doctors we stand to learn a tremendous amount and can contribute to the care of patients. More immediate concerns among medical students centre on the impact of COVID-19 on medical education. A substantial number of medical students are in the process of preparing for or undertaking assessments that require clinical exposure. The effect of COVID-19 on medical education could therefore be considerable. Several teaching hospitals in the UK have reported cases of COVID-19, with some hospitals suspending medical and observership students from attending clinical attachments. This suspension might extend to more hospitals as the COVID-19 pandemic continues to develop, which could lead to clinical medical students receiving reduced exposure in specific specialties, causing a detrimental effect to exam performance and competency as foundation year 1 doctors. The situation is more complex for some final year medical students who are in the process of sitting their final assessments. Some medical schools have reduced clinical exposure in the weeks coming up to their final exams to reduce the risk of contracting the virus. Many electives could also be cancelled because of the global prevalence of COVID-19. This situation would not only cause financial losses for students, but also lead to a missed opportunity of working in a health-care system outside of the UK. At this stage, it is difficult to predict what will happen, and most medical schools are following advice from Public Health England to determine how to proceed. Despite widespread panic and uncertainty, the medical community must ask itself what history has taught us about medical education during pandemics. To answer this question, we reflect on the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) on medical education in China at the turn of the century. 1 Some Chinese medical schools officially cancelled formal teaching on wards and their exams were delayed, hindering the education of medical students in the face of the newly emerging epidemic. 1 Similarly, in Canada, the impact of the SARS restrictions led to the cessation of clinical clerkships and electives for students for up to 6 weeks. 2 The Canadian national residency match felt the effect of these limitations, particularly because electives are one of the most crucial factors determining allocation. 1 Despite the challenges posed by the SARS epidemic, several resourceful initiatives were implemented, leading to progress in medical education. In one Chinese medical school, online problem-based learning techniques were implemented to complete the curricula; these methods proved incredibly popular, to the extent that they were applied in subsequent years. These impressive feats illuminate how even in times of distress, solace can always be found. We are waiting to see what ingenuities for medical education will emerge in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This online publication has been corrected. The corrected version first appeared at thelancet.com/infection on March 27, 2020.
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            The role of motivation in promoting and sustaining self-regulated learning

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              Virtual Telesimulation for Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

              Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. In March 2020, the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) became a global pandemic. Medical schools around the United States faced difficult decisions, temporarily suspending hospital-based clerkship rotations for medical students due to potential shortages of personal protective equipment and a need to social distance. This decision created a need for innovative, virtual learning opportunities to support undergraduate medical education. Approach Educators at Yale School of Medicine developed a novel medical student curriculum converting high-fidelity, mannequin-based simulation into a fully online virtual telesimulation format. By using a virtual videoconferencing platform to deliver remote telesimulation as an immersive educational experience for widely dispersed students, this novel technology retains the experiential strengths of simulation-based learning while complying with needs for social distancing during the pandemic. The curriculum comprises simulated clinical scenarios that include live patient actors; facilitator interactions; and real-time assessment of vital signs, labs, and imaging. Each 90-minute session includes 2 sets of simulation scenarios and faculty-led teledebriefs. A team of 3 students performs the first scenario, while an additional team of 3 students observes. Teams reverse roles for the second scenario. Outcomes The 6-week virtual telesimulation elective enrolled the maximum 48 medical students and covered core clinical clerkship content areas. Communication patterns within the virtual telesimulation format required more deliberate turn-taking than normal conversation. Using the chat function within the videoconferencing platform allowed teams to complete simultaneous tasks. A nurse confederate provided cues not available in the virtual telesimulation format. Next Steps Rapid dissemination of this program, including online webinars and live demonstration sessions with student volunteers, supports the development of similar programs at other universities. Evaluation and process improvement efforts include planned qualitative evaluation of this new format to further understand and refine the learning experience. Future work is needed to evaluate clinical skill development in this educational modality.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                SaraMaria.vanBonn@med.uni-rostock.de
                Journal
                HNO
                HNO
                Hno
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                0017-6192
                1433-0458
                4 June 2022
                4 June 2022
                : 1-9
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.413108.f, ISNI 0000 0000 9737 0454, Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie „Otto Körner“, , Universitätsmedizin Rostock, ; Doberaner Str. 137–139, 18057 Rostock, Deutschland
                [2 ]GRID grid.449343.d, ISNI 0000 0001 0828 9468, Fachbereich Ingenieurwissenschaften, , Jade Hochschule, ; Friedrich-Paffrath-Straße 101, 26389 Wilhelmshaven, Deutschland
                [3 ]GRID grid.5570.7, ISNI 0000 0004 0490 981X, Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf‑ und Halschirurgie, Head and Neck Surgery, St. Elisabeth Hospital, , Ruhr University Bochum, ; Bleichstr. 15, 44787, Bochum, Deutschland
                Article
                1187
                10.1007/s00106-022-01187-5
                9166199
                35665824
                f9eb836a-82d1-4b95-8c4d-985629e69cdf
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open Access Dieser Artikel wird unter der Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz veröffentlicht, welche die Nutzung, Vervielfältigung, Bearbeitung, Verbreitung und Wiedergabe in jeglichem Medium und Format erlaubt, sofern Sie den/die ursprünglichen Autor(en) und die Quelle ordnungsgemäß nennen, einen Link zur Creative Commons Lizenz beifügen und angeben, ob Änderungen vorgenommen wurden.

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                History
                : 10 May 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: Universität Rostock (1046)
                Categories
                Originalien

                3‑d-visualisierung,medizinische ausbildung,hals-nasen-ohren-heilkunde,kommunikation,live-operation,3d visualization,medical education,otorhinolaryngology,communication,live surgery

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