Activity of Oritavancin against Gram-Positive Pathogens Causing Bloodstream Infections in the United States over 10 Years: Focus on Drug-Resistant Enterococcal Subsets (2010–2019)

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ABSTRACT

Oritavancin displayed potent and stable activity (MIC ₉₀ range of 0.06 to 0.5 mg/L) over a 10-year period (2010 to 2019) against Gram-positive pathogens that cause bloodstream infections (BSI), including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and resistant subsets of Enterococcus spp. Daptomycin and linezolid were also active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Only oritavancin and linezolid remained active against Enterococcus faecium isolates displaying an elevated daptomycin MIC (i.e., 2 to 4 mg/L). Proportions of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus within the respective S. aureus and enterococcal populations decreased over this period.

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Changes in Prevalence of Health Care–Associated Infections in U.S. Hospitals

Shelley Magill, Erin S. O’Leary, Sarah J. Janelle … (2018)

A point-prevalence survey that was conducted in the United States in 2011 showed that 4% of hospitalized patients had a health care-associated infection. We repeated the survey in 2015 to assess changes in the prevalence of health care-associated infections during a period of national attention to the prevention of such infections.

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Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Associated With Healthcare-Associated Infections: Summary of Data Reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011-2014.

Lindsey Weiner, Amy Webb, Brandi M. Limbago … (2016)

OBJECTIVE To describe antimicrobial resistance patterns for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) that occurred in 2011-2014 and were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network. METHODS Data from central line-associated bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, ventilator-associated pneumonias, and surgical site infections were analyzed. These HAIs were reported from acute care hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, and inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Pooled mean proportions of pathogens that tested resistant (or nonsusceptible) to selected antimicrobials were calculated by year and HAI type. RESULTS Overall, 4,515 hospitals reported that at least 1 HAI occurred in 2011-2014. There were 408,151 pathogens from 365,490 HAIs reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, most of which were reported from acute care hospitals with greater than 200 beds. Fifteen pathogen groups accounted for 87% of reported pathogens; the most common included Escherichia coli (15%), Staphylococcus aureus (12%), Klebsiella species (8%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (8%). In general, the proportion of isolates with common resistance phenotypes was higher among device-associated HAIs compared with surgical site infections. Although the percent resistance for most phenotypes was similar to earlier reports, an increase in the magnitude of the resistance percentages among E. coli pathogens was noted, especially related to fluoroquinolone resistance. CONCLUSION This report represents a national summary of antimicrobial resistance among select HAIs and phenotypes. The distribution of frequent pathogens and some resistance patterns appear to have changed from 2009-2010, highlighting the need for continual, careful monitoring of these data across the spectrum of HAI types. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1-14.

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Vital Signs: Epidemiology and Recent Trends in Methicillin-Resistant and in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections — United States

Athena Kourtis, Kelly Hatfield, James Baggs … (2019)

Introduction Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens in health care facilities and in the community, and can cause invasive infections, sepsis, and death. Despite progress in preventing methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections in health care settings, assessment of the problem in both health care and community settings is needed. Further, the epidemiology of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) infections is not well described at the national level. Methods Data from the Emerging Infections Program (EIP) MRSA population surveillance (2005–2016) and from the Premier and Cerner Electronic Health Record databases (2012–2017) were analyzed to describe trends in incidence of hospital-onset and community-onset MRSA and MSSA bloodstream infections and to estimate the overall incidence of S. aureus bloodstream infections in the United States and associated in-hospital mortality. Results In 2017, an estimated 119,247 S. aureus bloodstream infections with 19,832 associated deaths occurred. During 2005–2012 rates of hospital-onset MRSA bloodstream infection decreased by 17.1% annually, but the decline slowed during 2013–2016. Community-onset MRSA declined less markedly (6.9% annually during 2005–2016), mostly related to declines in health care–associated infections. Hospital-onset MSSA has not significantly changed (p = 0.11), and community-onset MSSA infections have slightly increased (3.9% per year, p<0.0001) from 2012 to 2017. Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice Despite reductions in incidence of MRSA bloodstream infections since 2005, S. aureus infections account for significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. To reduce the incidence of these infections further, health care facilities should take steps to fully implement CDC recommendations for prevention of device- and procedure-associated infections and for interruption of transmission. New and novel prevention strategies are also needed.

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Cecilia G. Carvalhaes:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-3754

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Antimicrob Agents Chemother

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Antimicrob Agents Chemother

Journal ID (publisher-id): aac

Title: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Publisher: American Society for Microbiology (1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC )

ISSN (Print): 0066-4804

ISSN (Electronic): 1098-6596

Publication date (Electronic, preprint): 22 November 2021

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 15 February 2022

Publication date (Electronic, collection): February 2022

Publication date PMC-release: 15 February 2022

Volume: 66

Issue: 2

Electronic Location Identifier: e01667-21

Affiliations

[a ] JMI Laboratoriesgrid.419652.d, , North Liberty, Iowa, USA

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author information

Cecilia G. Carvalhaes https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-3754

Helio S. Sader https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7022-6644

Jennifer M. Streit https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8419-6308

Mariana Castanheira https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0126-1782

Rodrigo E. Mendes https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-1137

Article

Publisher ID: 01667-21 Publisher ID: aac.01667-21

DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01667-21

PMC ID: 8846398

PubMed ID: 34807761

SO-VID: e70aa97c-0f4d-440a-b2f4-8fb21f0c01eb

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

History

Date received : 25 August 2021

Date revision requested : 15 September 2021

Date accepted : 18 November 2021

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 6, Words: 3552

Funding

Funded by: Melinta Therapeutics (Melinta Therapeutics Inc), FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/100016956;

Award Recipient : Cecilia G. Carvalhaes

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cover-date February 2022

ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology

Keywords: lipoglycopeptides,e. faecium,vre,vana,vanb,vancomycin resistance,daptomycin resistance

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology

Keywords: lipoglycopeptides, e. faecium, vre, vana, vanb, vancomycin resistance, daptomycin resistance

Activity of Oritavancin against Gram-Positive Pathogens Causing Bloodstream Infections in the United States over 10 Years: Focus on Drug-Resistant Enterococcal Subsets (2010–2019)

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Most cited references 21

Changes in Prevalence of Health Care–Associated Infections in U.S. Hospitals

Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Associated With Healthcare-Associated Infections: Summary of Data Reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011-2014.

Vital Signs: Epidemiology and Recent Trends in Methicillin-Resistant and in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections — United States

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