Pertussis outbreak mainly in unvaccinated young children in ultra-orthodox Jewish groups, Jerusalem, Israel 2023

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Despite being a vaccine-preventable disease for decades, pertussis control is still a public health challenge. A pertussis outbreak emerged in Jerusalem ( n = 257 cases, January to June 2023). Most cases were young children (median age 1.5 years), and 100 were infants under 1 year. The hospitalisation rate of infants was 24%, which was considerably higher than that of cases aged 1 year and above (3.8%). There was one fatality in an unvaccinated, 10-week-old infant whose mother had not received pertussis vaccination during pregnancy. Most children were unvaccinated and resided in Jewish ultra-orthodox neighbourhoods in Jerusalem district. An intervention programme and vaccination campaign are ongoing.

Related collections

Most cited references 12

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

An update of the global burden of pertussis in children younger than 5 years: a modelling study.

Karene Hoi Ting Yeung, Philippe Duclos, E Nelson … (2017)

Since the publication in 2003 of a model to estimate the disease burden of pertussis, new evidence of the protective effect of incomplete pertussis vaccination against severe pertussis has been reported. We revised the model to provide new estimates of regional and global pertussis cases and deaths for children younger than 5 years.

0 comments Cited 125 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

A systematic review of the burden of pertussis disease in infants and the effectiveness of maternal immunization against pertussis.

Walid Kandeil, Caroline van den Ende, Eveline M Bunge … (2020)

Introduction Infants too young to be fully immunized are the most vulnerable to severe pertussis disease. To close this susceptibility gap, passive infant immunization through vaccination of pregnant women against pertussis was first introduced in 2011 in the United States and has been extended since then to more than 40 countries. Areas covered We conducted two systematic literature searches to describe the worldwide burden of pertussis disease in infants <6 months of age since 2005, and the effectiveness and impact of maternal pertussis vaccination in preventing infant pertussis since 2011. Expert opinion Pertussis disease incidence rates in infants aged <2-3 months were substantial in all countries with available data, exceeding 1000 cases per 100,000 population during outbreaks. Virtually all pertussis deaths occurred in this age group. Data from Africa, Eastern Mediterranean, and Asia were limited, but suggest a similar or higher disease burden than in Europe or the Americas. Estimates of effectiveness of second/third trimester pertussis vaccination in preventing pertussis disease in <2-3 months old infants were consistently high (69%-93%) across the observational studies reviewed, conducted in various settings with different designs. Maternal vaccination programs appear to be achieving their goal of reducing the burden of disease in very young infants. Plain language summary What is the context? Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious disease of the respiratory tract. Infants too young to be fully vaccinated are at the highest risk of severe pertussis disease, hospitalization, and death. Vaccinating pregnant women against pertussis with a Tdap vaccine is recommended in more than 40 countries as a safe and effective strategy to protect infants for the first months of life. What is new? This review summarizes recent literature describing the burden of pertussis disease in infants worldwide prior to the introduction of maternal vaccination programs; pertussis disease incidence rates in infants aged <2-3 months were substantial in all countries with available data, exceeding 1000 cases per 100,000 population during outbreaks. Immunization of pregnant women with a Tdap vaccine can prevent about 70-90% of pertussis disease and up to 90.5% of pertussis hospitalizations in infants under 3 months of age. What is the impact? Limited available data suggest that incidence rates of pertussis disease after the introduction of Tdap maternal immunization have declined in infants. Current knowledge supports the implementation of Tdap maternal immunization programs.

0 comments Cited 38 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

Timeliness and completeness of routine childhood vaccinations in young children residing in a district with recurrent vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, Jerusalem, Israel

Chen Stein-Zamir, Avi Israeli (2019)

Background Childhood vaccination schedules recommend vaccine doses at predefined ages. Aim We evaluated vaccination completeness and timeliness in Jerusalem, a district with recurrent vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks. Methods Vaccination coverage was monitored by the up-to-date method (vaccination completeness at age 2 years). Timeliness of vaccination was assessed in children (n = 3,098, born in 2009, followed to age 48 months, re-evaluated at age 7 years) by the age-appropriate method (vaccine dose timeliness according to recommended schedule). Vaccines included: hepatitis B (HBV: birth, 1 month and 6 months); diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, polio, Haemophilus influenzae b (DTaP-IPV-Hib: 2, 4, 6 and 12 months); pneumococcal conjugate (PCV: 2, 4 and 12 months); measles-mumps-rubella/measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMR/MMRV: 12 months) and hepatitis A (HAV: 18 and 24 months). Results Overall vaccination coverage (2014 cohort evaluated at age 2 years) was 95% and 86% for MMR/MMRV and DTaP-IPV-Hib4, respectively. Most children (94%, 91%, 79%, 95%, 92% and 82%) were up-to-date for HBV3, DTaP-IPV-Hib4, PCV3, MMR/MMRV1, HAV1 and HAV2 vaccines at 48 months, but only 32%, 28%, 38%, 58%, 49% and 20% were vaccinated timely (age-appropriate). At age 7 years, the median increase in vaccination coverage was 2.4%. Vaccination delay was associated with: high birth order, ethnicity (higher among Jews vs Arabs), birth in winter, delayed acceptance of first dose of DTaP-IPV-Hib and multiple-dose vaccines (vs MMR/MMRV). Jewish ultra-Orthodox communities had low vaccination coverage. Conclusions Considerable vaccination delay should be addressed within the vaccine hesitancy spectrum. Delays may induce susceptibility to vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks; tailored programmes to improve timeliness are required.

0 comments Cited 27 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Chen Stein-Zamir:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8847-7510

Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Hanna Shoob: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Nitza Abramson: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Emilie Hannah Brown: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Yael Zimmermann: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Epidemiol Infect

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Epidemiol Infect

Journal ID (publisher-id): HYG

Title: Epidemiology and Infection

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (Cambridge, UK )

ISSN (Print): 0950-2688

ISSN (Electronic): 1469-4409

Publication date (Electronic, collection): 2023

Publication date (Electronic): 22 September 2023

Volume: 151

Electronic Location Identifier: e166

Affiliations

[1 ]Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health , Jerusalem, Israel

[2 ]The Hebrew University and Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine , Jerusalem, Israel

[3 ]School of Public Health, University of Miami , Miami, FL, USA

Author notes

Corresponding author: Chen Stein-Zamir; Email: chen.zamir@ 123456lbjr.health.gov.il

Author information

Chen Stein-Zamir https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8847-7510

Article

Publisher Item ID: S0950268823001577

DOI: 10.1017/S0950268823001577

PMC ID: 10600895

PubMed ID: 37737060

SO-VID: cfafedc9-8be8-4482-a4a2-90d0720be7c7

License:

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.

History

Date received : 23 July 2023

Date revision received : 29 August 2023

Date accepted : 03 September 2023

Page count

Figures: 2, Tables: 2, References: 19, Pages: 6

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Smart Citations

Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting

View Citations

See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

Cited by 2

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 141

See all reference authors

Pertussis outbreak mainly in unvaccinated young children in ultra-orthodox Jewish groups, Jerusalem, Israel 2023

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Vaccines

Most cited references 12

An update of the global burden of pertussis in children younger than 5 years: a modelling study.

A systematic review of the burden of pertussis disease in infants and the effectiveness of maternal immunization against pertussis.

Timeliness and completeness of routine childhood vaccinations in young children residing in a district with recurrent vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, Jerusalem, Israel

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Author information

Article

History

Page count

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 278

Cited by 2

Most referenced authors 141