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      Mixed Methods-Studien in der Versorgungsforschung: Anforderungen, Herausforderungen und die Frage der Integration – ein Diskussionspapier aus der Perspektive qualitativ Forschender Translated title: Mixed Methods Studies in Health Services Research: Requirements, Challenges and the Question of Integration – a Discussion Paper from the Perspective of Qualitative Researchers

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          Zusammenfassung

          Mit diesem Diskussionspapier greift die Kleingruppe Mixed Methods der AG Qualitative Methoden im Deutschen Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung e. V. (DNVF) das Thema dreier voran-gegangener Diskussionspapiere zum Stellenwert und den Potenzialen qualitativer Forschungsmethoden für die Versorgungsforschung auf. Mixed Methods sind in der Versorgungsforschung zunehmend verbreitet und gefordert. Allerdings ergeben sich auch Konfliktfelder in der Planung und Durchführung von Mixed Methods-Studien, die in diesem Papier aus Perspektive der qualitativen Forschung thematisiert werden. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit erhält der Aspekt der Integration als grundlegende Signatur der Mixed Methods-Forschung. Mit diesem Diskussionspapier möchten wir einen gleichermaßen kritischen wie konstruktiven Austausch darüber anregen, was eine qualitativ hochwertige, von Methodenvielfalt geprägte Versorgungsforschung ausmacht und unter welchen Rahmenbedingungen diese gelingen kann.

          Abstract

          With this discussion paper, the subgroup Mixed Methods of the working group Qualitative Research Methods in the non-profit organization German Network Health Services Research (DNVF) is taking up the topic of three previous discussion papers on the significance and potentials of qualitative research methods in health services research. Mixed methods are being increasingly used and demanded in health services research. However, there are also areas of conflict in the planning and implementation of mixed methods studies, and these are addressed in this paper from the perspective of qualitative research. Special attention is given to the aspect of integration as the fundamental signature of mixed methods research. With this discussion paper, our aim was to stimulate critical as well as constructive exchange of ideas on what constitutes high-quality health services research characterised by a diversity of methods and the framework conditions under which this can succeed.

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          Most cited references44

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          A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance

          The UK Medical Research Council’s widely used guidance for developing and evaluating complex interventions has been replaced by a new framework, commissioned jointly by the Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health Research, which takes account of recent developments in theory and methods and the need to maximise the efficiency, use, and impact of research.
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            Achieving integration in mixed methods designs-principles and practices.

            Mixed methods research offers powerful tools for investigating complex processes and systems in health and health care. This article describes integration principles and practices at three levels in mixed methods research and provides illustrative examples. Integration at the study design level occurs through three basic mixed method designs-exploratory sequential, explanatory sequential, and convergent-and through four advanced frameworks-multistage, intervention, case study, and participatory. Integration at the methods level occurs through four approaches. In connecting, one database links to the other through sampling. With building, one database informs the data collection approach of the other. When merging, the two databases are brought together for analysis. With embedding, data collection and analysis link at multiple points. Integration at the interpretation and reporting level occurs through narrative, data transformation, and joint display. The fit of integration describes the extent the qualitative and quantitative findings cohere. Understanding these principles and practices of integration can help health services researchers leverage the strengths of mixed methods. © Health Research and Educational Trust.
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              Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Results in Health Science Mixed Methods Research Through Joint Displays.

              Mixed methods research is becoming an important methodology to investigate complex health-related topics, yet the meaningful integration of qualitative and quantitative data remains elusive and needs further development. A promising innovation to facilitate integration is the use of visual joint displays that bring data together visually to draw out new insights. The purpose of this study was to identify exemplar joint displays by analyzing the various types of joint displays being used in published articles.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Gesundheitswesen
                Gesundheitswesen
                10.1055/s-00000022
                Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband Der Arzte Des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)
                Georg Thieme Verlag (Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany )
                0941-3790
                1439-4421
                30 May 2023
                August 2023
                1 May 2023
                : 85
                : 08-09
                : 741-749
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department für Versorgungsforschung, Abteilung Organisationsbezogene Versorgungsforschung, Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
                [2 ]Department für Angewandte Gesundheitswissenschaften, Studienbereich Ergotherapie, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum, Bochum, Germany
                [3 ]Fachbereich Gesundheit, Kreis Groß-Gerau, Groß-Gerau, Germany
                [4 ]Zentrum für Evidenzbasierte Gesundheitsversorgung, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
                [5 ]Zahnärztliche Professionsforschung, Institut der Deutschen Zahnärzte, Koln, Germany
                [6 ]Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
                [7 ]Institut Für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
                [8 ]Klinik und Poliklinik für Palliativmedizin, LMU Medizinische Fakultät, München, Germany
                [9 ]Fakultät für Angewandte Gesundheits- und Sozialwissenschaften, Technische Hochschule Rosenheim, Germany
                Author notes
                Korrespondenzadresse Dr. Milena von Kutzleben Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg,Abteilung Organisationsbezogene Versorgungsforschung,Department für Versorgungsforschung,Fakultät für Medizin und GesundheitswissenschaftenAmmerländer Heerstrasse 14026111 OldenburgGermany Milena.von.Kutzleben@ 123456uol.de
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8443-2593
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5215-7067
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-2670
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5614-1484
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3520-0200
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0966-4087
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1200-1903
                Article
                gesu2022-07-1690
                10.1055/a-2022-8326
                10444519
                37253371
                ceb658a4-25b9-4680-980a-24f42606cca1
                The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License, which permits unrestricted reproduction and distribution, for non-commercial purposes only; and use and reproduction, but not distribution, of adapted material for non-commercial purposes only, provided the original work is properly cited.

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                qualitative methoden,mixed methods,versorgungsforschung,methodenvielfalt,gütekriterien,qualitative research methods,health services research,variety of methods,quality criteria

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