Importance of suberin biopolymer in plant function, contributions to soil organic carbon and in the production of bio-derived energy and materials

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Abstract

Suberin is a hydrophobic biopolymer of significance in the production of biomass-derived materials and in biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we describe suberin structure and biosynthesis, and its importance in biological (i.e., plant bark and roots), ecological (soil organic carbon) and economic (biomass conversion to bioproducts) contexts. Furthermore, we highlight the genomics and analytical approaches currently available and explore opportunities for future technologies to study suberin in quantitative and/or high-throughput platforms in bioenergy crops. A greater understanding of suberin structure and production in lignocellulosic biomass can be leveraged to improve representation in life cycle analysis and techno-economic analysis models and enable performance improvements in plant biosystems as well as informed crop system management to achieve economic and environmental co-benefits.

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Carbon flow in the rhizosphere: carbon trading at the soil–root interface

D L Jones, C V Nguyen, R. D. Finlay (2009)

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A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area, and nutrient contents.

R B Jackson, H. A. Mooney, E. -D. Schulze (1997)

Global biogeochemical models have improved dramatically in the last decade in their representation of the biosphere. Although leaf area data are an important input to such models and are readily available globally, global root distributions for modeling water and nutrient uptake and carbon cycling have not been available. This analysis provides global distributions for fine root biomass, length, and surface area with depth in the soil, and global estimates of nutrient pools in fine roots. Calculated root surface area is almost always greater than leaf area, more than an order of magnitude so in grasslands. The average C:N:P ratio in living fine roots is 450:11:1, and global fine root carbon is more than 5% of all carbon contained in the atmosphere. Assuming conservatively that fine roots turn over once per year, they represent 33% of global annual net primary productivity.

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Redefining fine roots improves understanding of below-ground contributions to terrestrial biosphere processes.

M. Luke McCormack, Ian Dickie, David Eissenstat … (2015)

Fine roots acquire essential soil resources and mediate biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Estimates of carbon and nutrient allocation to build and maintain these structures remain uncertain because of the challenges of consistently measuring and interpreting fine-root systems. Traditionally, fine roots have been defined as all roots ≤ 2 mm in diameter, yet it is now recognized that this approach fails to capture the diversity of form and function observed among fine-root orders. Here, we demonstrate how order-based and functional classification frameworks improve our understanding of dynamic root processes in ecosystems dominated by perennial plants. In these frameworks, fine roots are either separated into individual root orders or functionally defined into a shorter-lived absorptive pool and a longer-lived transport fine-root pool. Using these frameworks, we estimate that fine-root production and turnover represent 22% of terrestrial net primary production globally - a c. 30% reduction from previous estimates assuming a single fine-root pool. Future work developing tools to rapidly differentiate functional fine-root classes, explicit incorporation of mycorrhizal fungi into fine-root studies, and wider adoption of a two-pool approach to model fine roots provide opportunities to better understand below-ground processes in the terrestrial biosphere.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Anne E. Harman-Ware:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7927-9424

anne.ware@nrel.gov

Udaya C. Kalluri: kalluriudayc@ornl.gov

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biotechnol Biofuels

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biotechnol Biofuels

Title: Biotechnology for Biofuels

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1754-6834

Publication date (Electronic): 20 March 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 20 March 2021

Publication date Collection: 2021

Volume: 14

Electronic Location Identifier: 75

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.419357.d, ISNI 0000 0001 2199 3636, Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, Center for Bioenergy Innovation, , National Renewable Energy Laboratory, ; Golden, CO 80401 USA

[2 ]GRID grid.135519.a, ISNI 0000 0004 0446 2659, Biosciences Division and Center for Bioenergy Innovation, , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ; Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA

Author information

Anne E. Harman-Ware http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7927-9424

Article

Publisher ID: 1892

DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01892-3

PMC ID: 7981814

PubMed ID: 33743797

SO-VID: cdeb8e98-3efd-441f-ab12-27986c09e17a

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 30 September 2020

Date accepted : 27 January 2021

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100014456, Center for Bioenergy Innovation;

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011735, Bioenergy Technologies Office;

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000993, Battelle;

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Biotechnology

Keywords: suberin,biopolymer,biomaterial,biomass,cork,root,soil,carbon,genomics,bioenergy

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Biotechnology

Keywords: suberin, biopolymer, biomaterial, biomass, cork, root, soil, carbon, genomics, bioenergy

Importance of suberin biopolymer in plant function, contributions to soil organic carbon and in the production of bio-derived energy and materials

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Most cited references 177

Carbon flow in the rhizosphere: carbon trading at the soil–root interface

A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area, and nutrient contents.

Redefining fine roots improves understanding of below-ground contributions to terrestrial biosphere processes.

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