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      Nimmt der Bildungshintergrund Einfluss auf mütterliche Entwicklungseinschätzungen im Verlauf des ersten Lebensjahres? : Eine Analyse von Entwicklungsstanderhebungen durch MONDEY (Milestones of Normal Development in Early Years)

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          Abstract

          Zusammenfassung: In der vorliegenden Längsschnittstudie wird die frühkindliche Entwicklung von 100 Kindern aus benachteiligten Stadtteilen Bremens durch Befragungen der Mutter mittels MONDEY (Milestones of Normal Development in Early Years) erfasst und die frühkindliche Entwicklung in Abhängigkeit vom Bildungsniveau der Mütter untersucht. Die Befunde zeigen, dass der Bildungshintergrund der Mütter keinen erkennbaren Einfluss auf die Entwicklung im ersten Lebensjahr hat, weder bei Betrachtung der Gesamtentwicklung noch bei differenzierter Betrachtung von Einzeldimensionen. Beide Gruppen von Kindern bildungsferner und bildungsnaher Mütter zeigen einen Anstieg der MONDEY-Scores für jede Entwicklungsdimension über drei Messzeitpunkte. Die Entwicklungsdimensionen weisen dabei jedoch differenzierte Profile auf, die mit der Literatur übereinstimmen. Die Rolle von Beobachtungsfehlern und Antwortverzerrungen bei der Einschätzung der Mutter sowie die Frage, wann Effekte des sozioökonomischen Status in der kindlichen Entwicklung sichtbar werden, werden diskutiert.

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          Socioeconomic status and child development.

          Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the most widely studied constructs in the social sciences. Several ways of measuring SES have been proposed, but most include some quantification of family income, parental education, and occupational status. Research shows that SES is associated with a wide array of health, cognitive, and socioemotional outcomes in children, with effects beginning prior to birth and continuing into adulthood. A variety of mechanisms linking SES to child well-being have been proposed, with most involving differences in access to material and social resources or reactions to stress-inducing conditions by both the children themselves and their parents. For children, SES impacts well-being at multiple levels, including both family and neighborhood. Its effects are moderated by children's own characteristics, family characteristics, and external support systems.
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            An interactionist perspective on the socioeconomic context of human development.

            This article addresses the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), family processes, and human development. The topic is framed as part of the general issue of health disparities, which involves the oft-observed positive relationship between SES and the cognitive, social, emotional, and physical well-being of adults and children. A review of recent research and theory identifies three general theoretical approaches that provide possible explanations for the association between SES and individual development: the social causation, social selection, and interactionist perspectives. Empirical evidence demonstrates support for the social causation view that SES affects families and the development of children in terms of both family stress processes (the family stress model) and family investments in children (the family investment model). However, there also is empirical support for the social selection argument that individual characteristics lead to differences in SES. Especially important, recent research is consistent with an interactionist approach, which proposes a dynamic relationship between SES and developmental change over time. Drawing on the combined set of research findings, the article concludes with the description of an interactionist model that serves as a heuristic for future studies of the links among SES, parenting behaviors, and child development.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Frühe Bildung
                Frühe Bildung
                Hogrefe Publishing Group
                2191-9186
                2191-9194
                April 2024
                April 2024
                : 13
                : 2
                : 71-83
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universität Heidelberg, Deutschland
                [2 ] Universität Bremen, Deutschland
                Article
                10.1026/2191-9186/a000663
                c945298d-8330-4477-9e59-0764e41edafa
                © 2024

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

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