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      FANCC localizes with UNC5A at neurite outgrowth and promotes neuritogenesis

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          Abstract

          Objective

          The Uncoordinated 5A (UNC5A) protein is part of a family of receptors that play roles in axonal pathfinding and cell migration. We previously showed that the Fanconi anemia C protein (FANCC) interacts with UNC5A and delays UNC5A-mediated apoptosis. FANCC is a predominantly cytoplasmic protein that has multiple functions including DNA damage signaling, oxygen radical metabolism, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and apoptosis. Given the direct interaction between FANCC and UNC5A and that FANCC interferes with UNC5A-mediated apoptosis, we explored the possibility that FANCC might play a role in axonal-like growth processes.

          Results

          Here we show that FANCC and UNC5A are localized to regions of neurite outgrowth during neuronal cell differentiation. We also show that absence of FANCC is required for neurite outgrowth. In addition, FANCC seems required for UNC5A expression. Results from this study combined with our previous report suggest that FANCC plays a role in tissue development through the regulation of UNC5A-mediated functions.

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          Most cited references30

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          Netrins: versatile extracellular cues with diverse functions.

          Netrins are secreted proteins that were first identified as guidance cues, directing cell and axon migration during neural development. Subsequent findings have demonstrated that netrins can influence the formation of multiple tissues, including the vasculature, lung, pancreas, muscle and mammary gland, by mediating cell migration, cell-cell interactions and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. Recent evidence also implicates the ongoing expression of netrins and netrin receptors in the maintenance of cell-cell organisation in mature tissues. Here, we review the mechanisms involved in netrin signalling in vertebrate and invertebrate systems and discuss the functions of netrin signalling during the development of neural and non-neural tissues.
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            A ligand-gated association between cytoplasmic domains of UNC5 and DCC family receptors converts netrin-induced growth cone attraction to repulsion.

            Netrins are bifunctional: they attract some axons and repel others. Netrin receptors of the Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) family are implicated in attraction and those of the UNC5 family in repulsion, but genetic evidence also suggests involvement of the DCC protein UNC-40 in some cases of repulsion. To test whether these proteins form a receptor complex for repulsion, we studied the attractive responses of Xenopus spinal axons to netrin-1, which are mediated by DCC. We show that attraction is converted to repulsion by expression of UNC5 proteins in these cells, that this repulsion requires DCC function, that the UNC5 cytoplasmic domain is sufficient to effect the conversion, and that repulsion can be initiated by netrin-1 binding to either UNC5 or DCC. The isolated cytoplasmic domains of DCC and UNC5 proteins interact directly, but this interaction is repressed in the context of the full-length proteins. We provide evidence that netrin-1 triggers the formation of a receptor complex of DCC and UNC5 proteins and simultaneously derepresses the interaction between their cytoplasmic domains, thereby converting DCC-mediated attraction to UNC5/DCC-mediated repulsion.
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              The netrin receptor UNC5B mediates guidance events controlling morphogenesis of the vascular system.

              Blood vessels and nerves are complex, branched structures that share a high degree of anatomical similarity. Guidance of vessels and nerves has to be exquisitely regulated to ensure proper wiring of both systems. Several regulators of axon guidance have been identified and some of these are also expressed in endothelial cells; however, the extent to which their guidance functions are conserved in the vascular system is still incompletely understood. We show here that the repulsive netrin receptor UNC5B is expressed by endothelial tip cells of the vascular system. Disruption of the Unc5b gene in mice, or of Unc5b or netrin-1a in zebrafish, leads to aberrant extension of endothelial tip cell filopodia, excessive vessel branching and abnormal navigation. Netrin-1 causes endothelial filopodial retraction, but only when UNC5B is present. Thus, UNC5B functions as a repulsive netrin receptor in endothelial cells controlling morphogenesis of the vascular system.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                fengfei2med@gmail.com
                benaissa@uic.edu
                Georges.Levesque@crchul.ulaval.ca
                1 (418) 525-4444 , Madeleine.Carreau@crchul.ulaval.ca
                Journal
                BMC Res Notes
                BMC Res Notes
                BMC Research Notes
                BioMed Central (London )
                1756-0500
                12 September 2018
                12 September 2018
                2018
                : 11
                : 662
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0013 6651, GRID grid.411065.7, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, CHUL, ; 2705 Boul. Laurier, RC-9800, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2 Canada
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8390, GRID grid.23856.3a, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, , Université Laval, ; Quebec, QC Canada
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8390, GRID grid.23856.3a, Department of Pediatrics, , Université Laval, ; Quebec, QC Canada
                [4 ]Present Address: Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL USA
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-6114
                Article
                3763
                10.1186/s13104-018-3763-1
                6136181
                30213274
                c0026719-d590-41df-bba1-eacea8127ef3
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 24 July 2018
                : 4 September 2018
                Funding
                Funded by: Canadian Institutes of Health Research
                Funded by: Fondation du CHU de Québec
                Categories
                Research Note
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Medicine
                uncoordinated-5a,neurite outgrowth,neuritogenesis,fanconi anemia,fancc
                Medicine
                uncoordinated-5a, neurite outgrowth, neuritogenesis, fanconi anemia, fancc

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