Transmission of Equine Influenza Virus to English Foxhounds

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Abstract

We retrospectively demonstrated that an outbreak of severe respiratory disease in a pack of English foxhounds in the United Kingdom in September 2002 was caused by an equine influenza A virus (H3N8). We also demonstrated that canine respiratory tissue possesses the relevant receptors for infection with equine influenza virus.

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Transmission of equine influenza virus to dogs.

P C Crawford, Edward J Dubovi, William L Castleman … (2005)

Molecular and antigenic analyses of three influenza viruses isolated from outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in racing greyhounds revealed that they are closely related to H3N8 equine influenza virus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the canine influenza virus genomes form a monophyletic group, consistent with a single interspecies virus transfer. Molecular changes in the hemagglutinin suggested adaptive evolution in the new host. The etiologic role of this virus in respiratory disease was supported by the temporal association of rising antibody titers with disease and by experimental inoculation studies. The geographic expansion of the infection and its persistence for several years indicate efficient transmission of canine influenza virus among greyhounds. Evidence of infection in pet dogs suggests that this infection may also become enzootic in this population.

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Avian H5N1 influenza in cats.

Thijs Kuiken, Guus Rimmelzwaan, Debby van Riel … (2004)

During the 2003 to 2004 outbreak of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in Asia, there were anecdotal reports of fatal infection in domestic cats, although this species is considered resistant to influenza. We experimentally inoculated cats with H5N1 virus intratracheally and by feeding them virus-infected chickens. The cats excreted virus, developed severe diffuse alveolar damage, and transmitted virus to sentinel cats. These results show that domestic cats are at risk of disease or death from H5N1 virus, can be infected by horizontal transmission, and may play a role in the epidemiology of this virus.

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Avian Influenza H5N1 in Tigers and Leopards

Juthatip Keawcharoen, Kanisak Oraveerakul, Thijs Kuiken … (2004)

Influenza virus is not known to affect wild felids. We demonstrate that avian influenza A (H5N1) virus caused severe pneumonia in tigers and leopards that fed on infected poultry carcasses. This finding extends the host range of influenza virus and has implications for influenza virus epidemiology and wildlife conservation.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis

Journal ID (publisher-id): EID

Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases

Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

ISSN (Print): 1080-6040

ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059

Publication date (Print): March 2008

Volume: 14

Issue: 3

Pages: 461-464

Affiliations

[* ]Animal Health Trust, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK

[† ]University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria

Author notes

Address for correspondence: Janet M. Daly, Viral Brain Infections Group, 8th Floor Duncan Building, Daulby St, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK; email: jshaw@ 123456liverpool.ac.uk

Article

Publisher ID: 07-0643

DOI: 10.3201/eid1403.070643

PMC ID: 2570814

PubMed ID: 18325262

SO-VID: a5312385-bef0-4e5b-8bd5-43c21dda8a37

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