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      Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Human Clinical Isolate of emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes Causing Necrotizing Fasciitis Acquired Contemporaneously with Hurricane Harvey

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          ABSTRACT

          We discovered an emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes isolate causing necrotizing fasciitis in a patient exposed to the floodwaters of Hurricane Harvey in the Houston, TX, metropolitan area in August 2017. The Oxford Nanopore MinION instrument provided sufficient genome sequence data within 1 h of beginning sequencing to close the genome.

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          Epidemiology of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections in the United States, 2005-2012.

          Deborah Aragon, Karrie-Ann Toews, Monica Farley … (2016)
          Invasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. We report the epidemiology and trends of invasive GAS over 8 years of surveillance.
          Article 0 comments Cited 129 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Genome sequence of a serotype M28 strain of group a streptococcus: potential new insights into puerperal sepsis and bacterial disease specificity.

            Nicole M. Green, Shizhen Zhang, Stephen F Porcella … (2005)
            Puerperal sepsis, a major cause of death of young women in Europe in the 1800s, was due predominantly to the gram-positive pathogen group A Streptococcus. Studies conducted during past decades have shown that serotype M28 strains are the major group A Streptococcus organisms responsible for many of these infections. To begin to increase our understanding of their enrichment in puerperal sepsis, we sequenced the genome of a genetically representative strain. This strain has genes encoding a novel array of prophage virulence factors, cell-surface proteins, and other molecules likely to contribute to host-pathogen interactions. Importantly, genes for 7 inferred extracellular proteins are encoded by a 37.4-kb foreign DNA element that is shared with group B Streptococcus and is present in all serotype M28 strains. Proteins encoded by the 37.4-kb element were expressed extracellularly and in human infections. Acquisition of foreign genes has helped create a disease-specialist clone of this pathogen.
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              Molecular pathogenesis of necrotizing fasciitis.

              J. Olsen, Bret J Musser (2009)
              Necrotizing fasciitis, also known as the flesh-eating disease, is a severe invasive infection associated with very high rates of human morbidity and mortality. It is most commonly caused by group A Streptococcus(GAS), a versatile human pathogen that causes diseases ranging in severity from uncomplicated pharyngitis (or strep throat) to life-threatening infections such as necrotizing fasciitis. Herein, we review recent discoveries bearing on the molecular pathogenesis of GAS necrotizing fasciitis. Importantly, the integration of new technologies and the development of human-relevant animal models have markedly expanded our understanding of the key pathogen-host interactions underlying GAS necrotizing fasciitis. For example, we now know that GAS organisms secrete a variety of proteases that disrupt host tissue and that these proteolytic enzymes are regulated by multiple transcriptional and posttranslational processes. This pathogenesis knowledge will be crucial to supporting downstream efforts that seek to develop novel vaccines and therapeutic agents for this serious human infection.
              Article 0 comments Cited 39 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Genome Announc
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Genome Announc
                Journal ID (hwp): ga
                Journal ID (pmc): ga
                Journal ID (publisher-id): GA
                Title: Genome Announcements
                Publisher: American Society for Microbiology (1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2169-8287
                Publication date (Electronic): 9 November 2017
                Publication date Collection: November 2017
                Volume: 5
                Issue: 45
                Electronic Location Identifier: e01269-17
                Affiliations
                [a ]Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
                [b ]Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
                Author notes
                Address correspondence to S. Wesley Long, swlong@ 123456houstonmethodist.org .
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-5307
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-7832
                Article
                Publisher ID: genomeA01269-17
                DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01269-17
                PMC ID: 5679814
                PubMed ID: 29122881
                SO-VID: a2648f3b-09b4-401a-b0df-02b9421b191d
                Copyright © Copyright © 2017 Long et al.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

                History
                Date received : 10 October 2017
                Date accepted : 17 October 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 6, Pages: 2, Words: 935
                Categories
                Subject: Prokaryotes
                Custom metadata
                cover-date November 2017

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

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