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      Updates on upper eyelid blepharoplasty

      review-article

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          Abstract

          The human face is composed of small functional and cosmetic units, of which the eyes and periocular region constitute the main point of focus in routine face-to-face interactions. This dynamic region plays a pivotal role in the expression of mood, emotion, and character, thus making it the most relevant component of the facial esthetic and functional unit. Any change in the periocular unit leads to facial imbalance and functional disharmony, leading both the young and the elderly to seek consultation, thus making blepharoplasty the surgical procedure of choice for both cosmetic and functional amelioration. The applied anatomy, indications of upper eyelid blepharoplasty, preoperative workup, surgical procedure, postoperative care, and complications would be discussed in detail in this review article.

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          Most cited references42

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          Functional indications for upper eyelid ptosis and blepharoplasty surgery: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

          To evaluate the functional indications and outcomes for blepharoplasty and blepharoptosis repair by assessing functional preoperative impairment and surgical results.
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            Intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for sagging eyelids.

            Sagging eyelids, or dermatochalasis, are a frequent concern in older adults. It is considered a feature of skin aging, but risk factors other than aging are largely unknown.
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              Occuloplastic surgery: The requisites in ophthalmology

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Indian J Ophthalmol
                Indian J Ophthalmol
                IJO
                Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0301-4738
                1998-3689
                July 2017
                : 65
                : 7
                : 551-558
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Oculofacial Aesthetic Services, Sri Sankaradeva Nethralaya, Guwahati, Assam, India
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Dr. Kasturi Bhattacharjee, 96, Beltola Basistha Road, Beltola, Guwahati - 781 028, Assam, India. E-mail: kasturibhattacharjee44@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                IJO-65-551
                10.4103/ijo.IJO_540_17
                5549405
                28724810
                9f46b87f-715c-4a2e-9eb8-903f00aff47a
                Copyright: © 2017 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

                History
                : 27 June 2017
                : 30 June 2017
                Categories
                Review Article

                Ophthalmology & Optometry
                esthetic,dermatochalasis,epiblepharon,functional,upper eyelid blepharoplasty

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