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      Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana y formación de biopelícula en aislados de Escherichia coli procedentes de gallinas ponedoras Translated title: Antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm formation in Escherichia coli isolates from laying hens

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          Abstract

          Escherichia coli en la avicultura se asocia a procesos entéricos y respiratorios. Provoca importantes pérdidas debido a la disminución en la puesta y costos en medicamentos. Los genes que codifican para la resistencia en cepas de E. coli comensales o patógenas se pueden transferir a bacterias de importancia clínica en la salud humana a través de la cadena alimenticia. Además de la resistencia adquirida, la formación de biopelícula confiere a las cepas tolerancia a los antibióticos, lo cual contribuye a las recidivas de las infecciones. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la susceptibilidad a los antibióticos de cepas de E. coli procedentes de gallinas ponedoras. Se colectaron 183 exudados cloacales de animales procedentes de cuatro unidades productivas en la provincia Mayabeque. Se identificaron 83 aislados como E. coli. Se determinó la susceptibilidad in vitro a diez antibióticos por el método de Difusión en Agar con discos y la capacidad de formar biopelícula por el método de adherencia en placa. Se determinó la Mínima Concentración Inhibitoria para el crecimiento planctónico (MCI P) y para la inhibición de la formación de biopelícula (MCI B). Los mayores porcentajes de resistencia por la prueba de difusión con discos fueron a Oxitetraciclina, Norfloxacina, Ticarcilina/Ácido Clavulánico, Cefoxitina y Ceftriazona; los menores porcentajes fueron a Gentamicina, Colistina y Nitrofurantoína. Del total de aislados de E. coli, solamente 14 % formaron biopelícula in vitro. La MCI B fue mayor que la MCI P, lo cual evidencia que la formación de biopelícula contribuye con la tolerancia a los antibióticos

          Translated abstract

          Escherichia coli is an important pathogen in poultry associated with enteric and respiratory processes, causing significant losses due to the decrease in the laying and costs in medicines. Plasmids and chemosomes encoding resistance mechanisms in E. coli commensal or pathogenic strains can be transferred to clinically important bacteria in human health through the food chain. In addition to the acquired resistance, the formation of biofilm gives the strains tolerance to antibiotics, which contributes to the recurrence of infections. The objective of this work is to determine the susceptibility to antibiotics of E. coli strains from laying hens. One hundred and eighty three sewage exudates were collected from four productive units in Mayabeque province. Eighty three isolates such as E. coli were identified. The susceptibility in vitro to ten antibiotics was determined by the Agar Diffusion Method and the ability to form biofilm by the Plate Adhesion Method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration for the planktonic growth (MIC P) and for the inhibition of biofilm formation (MIC B) was determined. The highest percentages of resistance by the disc diffusion test were to Oxytetracycline, Norfloxacin, Ticarcillin/Clavulanic Acid, Cefoxitin and Ceftriazone; and the lowest percentages to Gentamicin, Colistin and Nitrofurantoin. Of the total of E. coli isolates, only 14 % formed biofilm in vitro. MIC B was higher than MIC P, which shows that biofilm formation contributes to tolerance to antibiotics

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          Genetic analysis of Escherichia coli biofilm formation: roles of flagella, motility, chemotaxis and type I pili.

          We have used Escherichia coli as a model system to investigate the initiation of biofilm formation. Here, we demonstrate that E. coli forms biofilms on multiple abiotic surfaces in a nutrient-dependent fashion. In addition, we have isolated insertion mutations that render this organism defective in biofilm formation. One-half of these mutations was found to perturb normal flagellar function. Using defined fli, flh, mot and che alleles, we show that motility, but not chemotaxis, is critical for normal biofilm formation. Microscopic analyses of these mutants suggest that motility is important for both initial interaction with the surface and for movement along the surface. In addition, we present evidence that type I pili (harbouring the mannose-specific adhesin, FimH) are required for initial surface attachment and that mannose inhibits normal attachment. In light of the observations presented here, a working model is discussed that describes the roles of both motility and type I pili in biofilm development.
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            Antibiotic resistance in the environment: a link to the clinic?

            The emergence of resistance to all classes of antibiotics in previously susceptible bacterial pathogens is a major challenge to infectious disease medicine. The origin of the genes associated with resistance has long been a mystery. There is a growing body of evidence that is demonstrating that environmental microbes are highly drug resistant. The genes that make up this environmental resistome have the potential to be transferred to pathogens and indeed there is some evidence that at least some clinically relevant resistance genes have originated in environmental microbes. Understanding the extent of the environmental resistome and its mobilization into pathogenic bacteria is essential for the management and discovery of antibiotics. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rsa
                Revista de Salud Animal
                Rev Salud Anim.
                Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (La Habana, , Cuba )
                0253-570X
                2224-4700
                December 2017
                Affiliations
                [01] San José de las Lajas Mayabeque orgnameCentro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria Cuba
                Article
                S0253-570X2017000300005
                50b8e660-5f18-4543-b0cb-82b9c3fa6c6b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 August 2017
                : 01 November 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 59, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba


                antibiotic resistance,biopelícula,Escherichia coli,gallinas ponedoras,resistencia antibiótica,biofilm,laying hens

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