Multipartite entanglement and high precision metrology

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Abstract

We present several entanglement criteria in terms of the quantum Fisher information that help to relate various forms of multipartite entanglement to the sensitivity of phase estimation. We show that genuine multipartite entanglement is necessary to reach the maximum sensitivity in some very general metrological tasks using a two-arm linear interferometer. We also show that it is needed to reach the maximum average sensitivity in a certain combination of such metrological tasks.

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Experimental test of quantum nonlocality in three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement

Pan, Bouwmeester, Daniell … (2000)

Bell's theorem states that certain statistical correlations predicted by quantum physics for measurements on two-particle systems cannot be understood within a realistic picture based on local properties of each individual particle-even if the two particles are separated by large distances. Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen first recognized the fundamental significance of these quantum correlations (termed 'entanglement' by Schrodinger) and the two-particle quantum predictions have found ever-increasing experimental support. A more striking conflict between quantum mechanical and local realistic predictions (for perfect correlations) has been discovered; but experimental verification has been difficult, as it requires entanglement between at least three particles. Here we report experimental confirmation of this conflict, using our recently developed method to observe three-photon entanglement, or 'Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger' (GHZ) states. The results of three specific experiments, involving measurements of polarization correlations between three photons, lead to predictions for a fourth experiment; quantum physical predictions are mutually contradictory with expectations based on local realism. We find the results of the fourth experiment to be in agreement with the quantum prediction and in striking conflict with local realism.

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Inseparability criterion for continuous variable systems

P. Zoller, J Cirac, Lu-Ming Duan … (1999)

An inseparability criterion based on the total variance of a pair of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen type operators is proposed for continuous variable systems. The criterion provides a sufficient condition for entanglement of any two-party continuous variable states. Furthermore, for all the Gaussian states, this criterion turns out to be a necessary and sufficient condition for inseparability.

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Controlled Collisions for Multiparticle Entanglement of Optically Trapped Atoms

, , … (2003)

Entanglement lies at the heart of quantum mechanics and in recent years has been identified as an essential resource for quantum information processing and computation. Creating highly entangled multi-particle states is therefore one of the most challenging goals of modern experimental quantum mechanics, touching fundamental questions as well as practical applications. Here we report on the experimental realization of controlled collisions between individual neighbouring neutral atoms trapped in the periodic potential of an optical lattice. These controlled interactions act as an array of quantum gates between neighbouring atoms in the lattice and their massively parallel operation allows the creation of highly entangled states in a single operational step, independent of the size of the system. In the experiment, we observe a coherent entangling-disentangling evolution in the many-body system depending on the phase shift acquired during the collision between neighbouring atoms. This dynamics is indicative of highly entangled many-body states that present novel opportunities for theory and experiment.

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Publication date Created: 22 June 2010

Publication date Updated: 2014-08-19

Article

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.85.022322

ArXiV ID: 1006.4368

SO-VID: 4a9f2d80-6277-4c4b-b6c5-3f436c868dd3

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http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

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Journal reference Phys. Rev. A 85, 022322 (2012)

Comments 10 pages including 3 figures, revtex4; v3: typos corrected, published version. An independent work by Philipp Hyllus and coworkers on the same subject can be found in Phys. Rev. A 85, 022321 (2012). See http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.85.022321 or http://arxiv.org/abs/1006.4366

Multipartite entanglement and high precision metrology

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Most cited references 26

Experimental test of quantum nonlocality in three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement

Inseparability criterion for continuous variable systems

Controlled Collisions for Multiparticle Entanglement of Optically Trapped Atoms

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