Exposure to Phlebotomus perniciosus sandfly vectors is positively associated with Toscana virus and Leishmania infantum infection in human blood donors in Murcia Region, southeast Spain

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Abstract

Antibodies against Phlebotomus perniciosus sandfly salivary gland homogenate (SGH) and recombinant protein rSP03B, sandfly‐borne Toscana virus (TOSV), Sandfly Fever Sicilian virus (SFSV) and Leishmania, as well as DNA of the latter parasite, were investigated in 670 blood samples from 575 human donors in Murcia Region, southeast Spain, in 2017 and 2018. The estimated SGH and rSP03B seroprevalences were 69% and 88%, respectively, although correlation between test results was relatively low ( ρ = 0.39). Similarly, TOSV, SFSV and Leishmania seroprevalences were 26%, 0% and 1%, respectively, and Leishmania PCR prevalence was 2%. Prevalences were significantly greater in 2017, overdispersed and not spatially related to each other although both were positively associated with SGH but not to rSP03B antibody optical densities, questioning the value of the latter as a diagnostic marker for these infections in humans.

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Essential Medical Statistics

Betty R. Kirkwood, Jonathan Sterne (2003)

Blackwell Publishing is delighted to announce that this book has been Highly Commended in the 2004 BMA Medical Book Competition. Here is the judges' summary of this book:"This is a technical book on a technical subject but presented in a delightful way. There are many books on statistics for doctors but there are few that are excellent and this is certainly one of them. Statistics is not an easy subject to teach or write about. The authors have succeeded in producing a book that is as good as it can get. For the keen student who does not want a book for mathematicians, this is an excellent first book on medical statistics."Essential Medical Statistics is a classic amongst medical statisticians. An introductory textbook, it presents statistics with a clarity and logic that demystifies the subject, while providing a comprehensive coverage of advanced as well as basic methods.The second edition of Essential Medical Statistics has been comprehensively revised and updated to include modern statistical methods and modern approaches to statistical analysis, while retaining the approachable and non-mathematical style of the first edition. The book now includes full coverage of the most commonly used regression models, multiple linear regression, logistic regression, Poisson regression and Cox regression, as well as a chapter on general issues in regression modelling. In addition, new chapters introduce more advanced topics such as meta-analysis, likelihood, bootstrapping and robust standard errors, and analysis of clustered data.Aimed at students of medical statistics, medical researchers, public health practitioners and practising clinicians using statistics in their daily work, the book is designed as both a teaching and a reference text. The format of the book is clear with highlighted formulae and worked examples, so that all concepts are presented in a simple, practical and easy-to-understand way. The second edition enhances the emphasis on choice of appropriate methods with new chapters on strategies for analysis and measures of association and impact.Essential Medical Statistics is supported by a web site at www.blackwellpublishing.com/essentialmedstats. This useful online resource provides statistical datasets to download, as well as sample chapters and future updates.

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Canine leishmaniosis - new concepts and insights on an expanding zoonosis: part one.

Gad Baneth, Alexander Koutinas, Laia Solano-Gallego … (2008)

Recent research has provided new insights on the epidemiology, pathology and immunology of canine leishmaniosis (CanL) and its genetic basis. The prevalence of infection in endemic areas is considerably higher than that of apparent clinical illness. In addition, infection spreads rapidly among dogs in the presence of optimal conditions for transmission. Infection involves a variety of granulomatous and harmful immune-mediated responses, and susceptibility to the disease is influenced by a complex genetic basis. These concepts will be instrumental for devising control programs. This review, the first in a series of two articles on CanL, presents an updated view on progress in elucidating the epidemiology and pathogenesis of this challenging disease, and the second part focuses on advances in diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

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Advantages of real-time PCR assay for diagnosis and monitoring of canine leishmaniosis.

X Roura, Ismael Rodriguez, Laura Altet … (2006)

The aim of the present study is to highlight the advantages of real-time quantitative PCR intended to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of canine leishmaniosis. Diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis is extremely challenging, especially in endemic areas, due to the diverse and non-specific clinical manifestations, and due to the high seroprevalence rate in sub-clinical dogs. Veterinarian clinicians are usually confronted with cases that are compatible with the disease, and with several diagnostic tests, sometimes with contradictory results. We have developed a new TaqMan assay, targeting the kinetoplast, applied to 44 samples of bone marrow aspirate or peripheral blood. The dynamic range of detection of Leishmania DNA was established in 7 logs and the limit of detection is 0.001 parasites in the PCR reaction. At the time of diagnosis parasitemia ranges from less than 1 to 10(7)parasites/ml. The ability to quantify the parasite burden allowed: (i) to elucidate the status of positive dogs by conventional PCR, although larger studies are necessary to clarify the dividing line between infection and disease, (ii) to estimate the kinetics of the parasite load and the different response to the treatment in a follow-up and (iii) to validate blood as less invasive sample for qPCR. The continuous data provided by real-time qPCR could solve the dilemma for the clinician managing cases of canine leishmaniosis by differentiating between Leishmania-infected dogs or dogs with active disease of leishmaniosis.

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Author and article information

Contributors

María Ortuño:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2994-1384

maria.ortuno2@um.es

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Transbound Emerg Dis

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Transbound Emerg Dis

Journal ID (doi): 10.1111/(ISSN)1865-1682

Journal ID (publisher-id): TBED

Title: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )

ISSN (Print): 1865-1674

ISSN (Electronic): 1865-1682

Publication date (Electronic): 06 April 2022

Publication date (Print): September 2022

Volume: 69

Issue: 5 ( doiID: 10.1111/tbed.v69.5 )

Pages: e1854-e1864

Affiliations

[ ¹ ] Departamento de Sanidad Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’ Universidad de Murcia Murcia Spain

[ ² ] Department of Parasitology Faculty of Science Charles University Prague Czech Republic

[ ³ ] Servicio de Microbiología Hospital Universitario ‘Virgen de la Arrixaca’ Murcia Spain

[ ⁴ ] Grupo de Erosión y Conservación de Suelos Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS‐CSIC) Murcia Spain

[ ⁵ ] Unite des Virus Emergents, Aix‐Marseille Université, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IHU Mediterranée Infection Marseille France

Author notes

[*] [* ] Correspondence

María Ortuño, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.

Email: maria.ortuno2@ 123456um.es

Author information

María Ortuño https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2994-1384

Clara Muñoz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9847-8616

Tatiana Spitzová https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2028-3530

Petra Sumova https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-7254

Maria Asunción Iborra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2550-8500

Pedro Pérez‐Cutillas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-3895

Nazli Ayhan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4979-6794

Remi N. Charrel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7675-8251

Petr Volf https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1790-1123

Eduardo Berriatua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0721-8091

Article

Publisher ID: TBED14520

DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14520

PMC ID: 9790518

PubMed ID: 35357094

SO-VID: 45baa90b-f3bb-44b4-99fb-1a9aba83e1f0

License:

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

History

Date revision received : 07 March 2022

Date received : 25 October 2021

Date accepted : 08 March 2022

Page count

Figures: 2, Tables: 6, Pages: 11, Words: 8585

Funding

Funded by: Universidad de Murcia , doi 10.13039/501100004687;

Custom metadata

source-schema-version-number 2.0

cover-date September 2022

details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.2.3 mode:remove_FC converted:25.12.2022

ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology

Keywords: anti‐saliva antibodies,blood donors,leishmania infantum,sandflies,sandfly fever sicilian virus,toscana virus

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology

Keywords: anti‐saliva antibodies, blood donors, leishmania infantum, sandflies, sandfly fever sicilian virus, toscana virus

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Exposure to Phlebotomus perniciosus sandfly vectors is positively associated with Toscana virus and Leishmania infantum infection in human blood donors in Murcia Region, southeast Spain

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Most cited references 81

Essential Medical Statistics

Canine leishmaniosis - new concepts and insights on an expanding zoonosis: part one.

Advantages of real-time PCR assay for diagnosis and monitoring of canine leishmaniosis.

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