Bistable optical system based on hysteresis in the reflectivity of
  grapheneon- Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3

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Abstract

We analyse a model describing hysteretic behaviour of the reflectivity R for the system 'graphene-Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric substrate-gate' with a gate voltage variation, which takes into account trapping of electrons into the graphene-PZT interface states. We demonstrate that the hysteresis in the R parameter can be observed experimentally for the telecommunication-range radiation (the wavelength {\lambda} = 1.55 {\mu}m) at low gate voltages and, moreover, the phenomenon can be used while creating fast bistable systems for the novel nonvolatile memory devices with on-chip optical interconnection.

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Fine structure constant defines visual transparency of graphene.

R. Nair, P. Blake, A N Grigorenko … (2008)

There are few phenomena in condensed matter physics that are defined only by the fundamental constants and do not depend on material parameters. Examples are the resistivity quantum, h/e2 (h is Planck's constant and e the electron charge), that appears in a variety of transport experiments and the magnetic flux quantum, h/e, playing an important role in the physics of superconductivity. By and large, sophisticated facilities and special measurement conditions are required to observe any of these phenomena. We show that the opacity of suspended graphene is defined solely by the fine structure constant, a = e2/hc feminine 1/137 (where c is the speed of light), the parameter that describes coupling between light and relativistic electrons and that is traditionally associated with quantum electrodynamics rather than materials science. Despite being only one atom thick, graphene is found to absorb a significant (pa = 2.3%) fraction of incident white light, a consequence of graphene's unique electronic structure.

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Electronic transport in two dimensional graphene

, , … (2011)

We provide a broad review of fundamental electronic properties of two-dimensional graphene with the emphasis on density and temperature dependent carrier transport in doped or gated graphene structures. A salient feature of our review is a critical comparison between carrier transport in graphene and in two-dimensional semiconductor systems (e.g. heterostructures, quantum wells, inversion layers) so that the unique features of graphene electronic properties arising from its gap- less, massless, chiral Dirac spectrum are highlighted. Experiment and theory as well as quantum and semi-classical transport are discussed in a synergistic manner in order to provide a unified and comprehensive perspective. Although the emphasis of the review is on those aspects of graphene transport where reasonable consensus exists in the literature, open questions are discussed as well. Various physical mechanisms controlling transport are described in depth including long- range charged impurity scattering, screening, short-range defect scattering, phonon scattering, many-body effects, Klein tunneling, minimum conductivity at the Dirac point, electron-hole puddle formation, p-n junctions, localization, percolation, quantum-classical crossover, midgap states, quantum Hall effects, and other phenomena.

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Dirac electronic states in graphene systems: Optical spectroscopy studies

M Potemski, M Orlita (2010)

Electronic properties of two-dimensional allotropes of carbon, such as graphene and its bilayer, multi-layer epitaxial graphene, few-layer Bernal-stacked graphene, as well as of three-dimensional bulk graphite are reviewed from the viewpoint of recent optical spectroscopy studies. Attention is focused on relativistic-like character of quasi particles in these systems, which are referred to as massless or massive Dirac fermions.

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Publication date Created: 10 February 2012

Article

DOI: 10.3116/16091833/13/1/45/2012

ArXiV ID: 1202.2258

SO-VID: 335efb32-4400-4f4c-8acd-b481d8f81b34

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http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

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ACM classes 00-02

Journal reference Ukr.J.Phys.Opt. v.13, n.1 pp. 45-50 (2012)

Comments 6 pages, 3 figures

Categories cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci

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Bistable optical system based on hysteresis in the reflectivity of grapheneon- Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3

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Most cited references 11

Fine structure constant defines visual transparency of graphene.

Electronic transport in two dimensional graphene

Dirac electronic states in graphene systems: Optical spectroscopy studies

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