Measuring health-related quality of life in sarcopenia: summary of the SarQoL psychometric properties

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Abstract

Patient perspectives are now widely recognized as a key element in the evaluation of health interventions. Therefore, the provision of specific and validated Patient Reported Outcome Measures that emphasize the lived experience of patients suffering from specific diseases is very important. In the field of sarcopenia, the only validated specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument available is the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire (SarQoL). This self-administrated HRQoL questionnaire, developed in 2015, consists of 55 items arranged into 22 questions and has currently been translated into 35 languages. Nineteen validation studies performed on SarQoL have consensually confirmed the capacity of SarQoL to detect difference in HRQoL between older people with and without sarcopenia, its reliability and its validity. Two further observational studies have also indicated its responsiveness to change. A short form SarQoL, including only 14 items has further been developed and validated to reduce the potential burden of administration. Research on the psychometric properties of SarQoL questionnaire is still encouraged as the responsiveness to change of SarQoL has not yet been measured in the context of interventional studies, as limited prospective data currently exist and as there is still not cut-off score to define a low HRQoL. In addition, SarQoL has mainly been used in community-dwelling older individuals with sarcopenia and would benefit to be studied in other types of populations. This review aims to provide to researchers, clinicians, regulators, pharmaceutical industries and other stakeholders a clear summary of comprehensive evidence on the SarQoL questionnaire published up to January 2023Query.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-023-02438-3.

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Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis

Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft, Gulistan Bahat, Jürgen Bauer … (2018)

Abstract Background in 2010, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) published a sarcopenia definition that aimed to foster advances in identifying and caring for people with sarcopenia. In early 2018, the Working Group met again (EWGSOP2) to update the original definition in order to reflect scientific and clinical evidence that has built over the last decade. This paper presents our updated findings. Objectives to increase consistency of research design, clinical diagnoses and ultimately, care for people with sarcopenia. Recommendations sarcopenia is a muscle disease (muscle failure) rooted in adverse muscle changes that accrue across a lifetime; sarcopenia is common among adults of older age but can also occur earlier in life. In this updated consensus paper on sarcopenia, EWGSOP2: (1) focuses on low muscle strength as a key characteristic of sarcopenia, uses detection of low muscle quantity and quality to confirm the sarcopenia diagnosis, and identifies poor physical performance as indicative of severe sarcopenia; (2) updates the clinical algorithm that can be used for sarcopenia case-finding, diagnosis and confirmation, and severity determination and (3) provides clear cut-off points for measurements of variables that identify and characterise sarcopenia. Conclusions EWGSOP2's updated recommendations aim to increase awareness of sarcopenia and its risk. With these new recommendations, EWGSOP2 calls for healthcare professionals who treat patients at risk for sarcopenia to take actions that will promote early detection and treatment. We also encourage more research in the field of sarcopenia in order to prevent or delay adverse health outcomes that incur a heavy burden for patients and healthcare systems.

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Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis

Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft, Jean-Pierre Baeyens, Jürgen M Bauer … (2011)

The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) developed a practical clinical definition and consensus diagnostic criteria for age-related sarcopenia. EWGSOP included representatives from four participant organisations, i.e. the European Geriatric Medicine Society, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics—European Region and the International Association of Nutrition and Aging. These organisations endorsed the findings in the final document. The group met and addressed the following questions, using the medical literature to build evidence-based answers: (i) What is sarcopenia? (ii) What parameters define sarcopenia? (iii) What variables reflect these parameters, and what measurement tools and cut-off points can be used? (iv) How does sarcopenia relate to cachexia, frailty and sarcopenic obesity? For the diagnosis of sarcopenia, EWGSOP recommends using the presence of both low muscle mass + low muscle function (strength or performance). EWGSOP variously applies these characteristics to further define conceptual stages as ‘presarcopenia’, ‘sarcopenia’ and ‘severe sarcopenia’. EWGSOP reviewed a wide range of tools that can be used to measure the specific variables of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. Our paper summarises currently available data defining sarcopenia cut-off points by age and gender; suggests an algorithm for sarcopenia case finding in older individuals based on measurements of gait speed, grip strength and muscle mass; and presents a list of suggested primary and secondary outcome domains for research. Once an operational definition of sarcopenia is adopted and included in the mainstream of comprehensive geriatric assessment, the next steps are to define the natural course of sarcopenia and to develop and define effective treatment.

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Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self-Report Measures

Dorcas E. Beaton, Claire Bombardier, Marcos Ferraz … (2001)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Charlotte Beaudart:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0827-5303

c.beaudart@uliege.be

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Aging Clin Exp Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Aging Clin Exp Res

Title: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research

Publisher: Springer International Publishing (Cham )

ISSN (Print): 1594-0667

ISSN (Electronic): 1720-8319

Publication date (Electronic): 23 May 2023

Publication date PMC-release: 23 May 2023

Publication date (Print): 2023

Volume: 35

Issue: 8

Pages: 1581-1593

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.4861.b, ISNI 0000 0001 0805 7253, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculo-Skeletal Health and Ageing, , University of Liège, ; Liège, Belgium

[2 ]GRID grid.3575.4, ISNI 0000000121633745, Department of Ageing and Life Course, , WHO, ; Geneve, Switzerland

[3 ]GRID grid.8767.e, ISNI 0000 0001 2290 8069, Frailty in Ageing Research Department, , Vrije Universiteit Brussel, ; Brussels, Belgium

[4 ]GRID grid.7700.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2190 4373, Center for Geriatric Medicine and Network Aging Research (NAR), , Heidelberg University, ; Heidelberg, Germany

[5 ]GRID grid.4708.b, ISNI 0000 0004 1757 2822, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, , University of Milan, ; Milan, Italy

[6 ]GRID grid.511455.1, Geriatric Unit, , IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, ; Milan, Italy

[7 ]Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro di ricerca per l’invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy

[8 ]GRID grid.5491.9, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9297, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, , University of Southampton, ; Southampton, UK

[9 ]GRID grid.411347.4, ISNI 0000 0000 9248 5770, Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), ; Madrid, Spain

[10 ]GRID grid.429997.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7531, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, , Tufts University, ; Boston, MA USA

[11 ]GRID grid.429997.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7531, Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, , Tufts University, ; Boston, USA

[12 ]GRID grid.430506.4, ISNI 0000 0004 0465 4079, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, , University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, ; Southampton, UK

[13 ]GRID grid.411075.6, ISNI 0000 0004 1760 4193, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, ; 00168 Rome, Italy

[14 ]Scientific Office, Austrian Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, Vienna, Austria

[15 ]CNR Aging Branch-IN, Padua, Italy

[16 ]GRID grid.443875.9, ISNI 0000 0001 2237 4036, Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios, ; Madrid, Spain

[17 ]GRID grid.15781.3a, ISNI 0000 0001 0723 035X, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, , CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Inserm, ; Toulouse, France

[18 ]GRID grid.150338.c, ISNI 0000 0001 0721 9812, Service of Bone Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, , Geneva University Hospitals, ; Geneva, Switzerland

[19 ]GRID grid.16872.3a, ISNI 0000 0004 0435 165X, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, ; Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Author information

Charlotte Beaudart http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0827-5303

Article

Publisher ID: 2438

DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02438-3

PMC ID: 10363087

PubMed ID: 37219755

SO-VID: 3009a084-9387-4852-892e-d639a17e5496

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Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 11 April 2023

Date accepted : 8 May 2023

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Keywords: sarcopenia,quality of life,psychometric properties,validation,hrqol

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Keywords: sarcopenia, quality of life, psychometric properties, validation, hrqol

Measuring health-related quality of life in sarcopenia: summary of the SarQoL psychometric properties

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Asian Journal of Quality of Life (AjQoL)

Most cited references 57

Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis

Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis

Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self-Report Measures

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