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      Molecular Characterization of African Swine Fever Virus, China, 2018

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          Abstract

          On August 3, 2018, an outbreak of African swine fever in pigs was reported in China. We subjected a virus from an African swine fever–positive pig sample to phylogenetic analysis. This analysis showed that the causative strain belonged to the p72 genotype II and CD2v serogroup 8.

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          Genotyping field strains of African swine fever virus by partial p72 gene characterisation.

          J L Edrich, M-L Penrith, James G Thomson … (2003)
          A PCR-based sequencing method was developed which permits detection and characterization of African swine fever virus (ASFV) variants within 5 and 48 h, respectively, of receipt of a clinical specimen. Amplification of a 478 bp fragment corresponding to the C-terminal end of the p72 gene, confirms virus presence with genetic characterization being achieved by nucleotide sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis. The method was applied to 55 viruses including those representative of the major ASF lineages identified previously by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Results confirmed that the p72 genotyping method identifies the same major viral groupings. Characterization of additional viruses of diverse geographical, species and temporal origin using the PCR-based method indicated the presence of ten major ASF genotypes on the African continent, the largest of which comprised a group of genetically homogeneous viruses recovered from outbreaks in Europe, South America, the Caribbean and West Africa (the ESAC-WA genotype). In contrast, viruses from southern and East African countries were heterogeneous, with multiple genotypes being present within individual countries. This study provides a rapid and accurate means of determining the genotype of field and outbreak strains of ASF and is therefore useful for molecular epidemiological clarification of ASF.
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            ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Asfarviridae

            Covadonga Alonso, Manuel V Borca, Linda Dixon … (2018)
            The family Asfarviridae includes the single species African swine fever virus, isolates of which have linear dsDNA genomes of 170-194 kbp. Virions have an internal core, an internal lipid membrane, an icosahedral capsid and an outer lipid envelope. Infection of domestic pigs and wild boar results in an acute haemorrhagic fever with transmission by contact or ingestion, or by ticks of the genus Ornithodoros. Indigenous pigs act as reservoirs in Africa, where infection is endemic, and from where introductions occur periodically to Europe. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the Asfarviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/asfarviridae.
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              Genetic Variation among African Swine Fever Genotype II Viruses, Eastern and Central Europe

              Carmina Gallardo, Jovita Fernández-Pinero, Virginia Pelayo … (2014)
              African swine fever virus (ASFV) was first reported in eastern Europe/Eurasia in 2007. Continued spread of ASFV has placed central European countries at risk, and in 2014, ASFV was detected in Lithuania and Poland. Sequencing showed the isolates are identical to a 2013 ASFV from Belarus but differ from ASFV isolated in Georgia in 2007.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerging Infect. Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): November 2018
                Volume: 24
                Issue: 11
                Pages: 2131-2133
                Affiliations
                [1]China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Xiaodong Wu or Zhiliang Wang, National Research Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, 369 Nanjing Rd, Qingdao, Shandong 266032, China; emails: wuxiaodong@ 123456cahec.cn or wangzhiliang@ 123456cahec.cn
                Article
                Publisher ID: 18-1274
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2411.181274
                PMC ID: 6199985
                PubMed ID: 30141772
                SO-VID: 2df91d0f-4a97-408b-8437-1239bb58192e
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Expedited
                Subject: Research Letter
                Subject: Research Letter
                Subject: Molecular Characterization of African Swine Fever Virus, China, 2018

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: african swine fever,asf,african swine fever virus,asfv,viruses,molecular characterization,genotype,serotype,causative virus strain,outbreak,pigs,zoonoses,china
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: african swine fever, asf, african swine fever virus, asfv, viruses, molecular characterization, genotype, serotype, causative virus strain, outbreak, pigs, zoonoses, china

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