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      Psychological disorders in patients with chronic constipation

      brief-report

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          Abstract

          Aim

          The aim of present study was to screen two categories of psychiatric disorders in chronic functional constipation.

          Background

          It has been established that the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders among patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders is higher than in the general population.

          Patients and methods

          Fifty four constipated patients were recruited from patients referred to the motility disorder department of Research Center for Gastroentrology and Liver Diseases, and screened for psychiatric disorders using HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).

          Results

          The results showed a relatively high prevalence of anxiety and depression both in HADS (33.3% and 22.2% respectively) and MINI (33.3% and 31.5% respectively).

          Conclusion

          Based on our results the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in constipated patients is much higher than general population and in order to reduce health care costs for constipated patients, we need to have an intervention program for comorbid psychological dysfunctions which affect the course of gastrointestinal disorders.

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          Most cited references21

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          The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): translation and validation study of the Iranian version

          Ali Montazeri, Mariam Vahdaninia, Mandana Ebrahimi … (2003)
          Background The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used instrument to measure psychological morbidity in cancer patients. This study aimed to translate and test the reliability and validity of the Iranian version of the HADS. Methods The English language version of the HADS was translated into Persian (Iranian language) and was used in this study. The questionnaire was administered to a consecutive sample of 167 breast cancer patients and statistical analysis was performed to test the reliability and validity of the HADS. Results In general the Iranian version of the HADS was found to be acceptable to almost all patients (99%). Cronbach's alpha coefficient (to test reliability) has been found to be 0.78 for the HADS anxiety sub-scale and 0.86 for the HADS depression sub-scale. Validity as performed using known groups comparison analysis showed satisfactory results. Both anxiety and depression sub-scales discriminated well between sub-groups of patients differing in clinical status as defined by their disease stage. Conclusion This preliminary validation study of the Iranian version of the HADS proved that it is an acceptable, a reliable and valid measure of psychological distress among cancer patients.
          Article 0 comments Cited 199 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Central nervous system involvement in functional gastrointestinal disorders.

            Jan Tack, Koen Demyttenaere, Lukas Oudenhove … (2004)
            Although functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are common, their pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. It is generally accepted that dysfunction of the bidirectional pathways between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (the 'brain-gut axis') at any level can cause FGID symptoms. In this review article, we focus on the role of the central nervous system in the brain-gut axis. First, we describe the functional anatomy of the brain-gut axis. Second, we focus on the results from brain-imaging studies both in healthy volunteers and in FGID patients. These new investigational techniques made identification of brain regions critically involved in processing of visceral afferent information possible. Differences in central nervous system response to visceral stimuli between controls and FGID patients will be highlighted. Third, we will address the issue of high comorbidity with psychiatric disorders. Some hypotheses about common pathophysiological substrates will be discussed.
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              Irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, and depression: what are the links?

              R Lydiard (2000)
              Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common and potentially disabling functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel patterns. A significant amount of clinical and research data suggest the importance of the brain-gut interaction in IBS. This review examines the observed high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with IBS. The published literature indicates that fewer than half of individuals with IBS seek treatment for it. Of those who do, 50% to 90% have psychiatric disorders, including panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and major depression, while those who do not seek treatment tend to be psychologically normal. Both physiologic and psychosocial variables appear to play important roles in the development and maintenance of IBS. Recent information suggests that the association of IBS and psychiatric disorders may be more fundamental than was previously believed. A brain-gut model for IBS is presented, and the role of traumatic stress and corticotropin-releasing factor as modulators of the brain-gut loop is discussed. Finally, the rationale for the use of psychotropic agents in the treatment of IBS with or without psychiatric symptoms is presented.
              Article 0 comments Cited 31 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench
                Journal ID (publisher-id): GHFBB
                Title: Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench
                Publisher: Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
                ISSN (Print): 2008-2258
                ISSN (Electronic): 2008-4234
                Publication date (Print): Summer 2011
                Volume: 4
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 159-163
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Health psychologist, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
                [2 ]Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
                Author notes
                Reprint or Correspondence: Sahar Tahbaz Hosseinzadeh, PhD., University of Tehran, Tehran Iran. E-mail: sahartahbaz@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: GHFBB-4-159
                DOI: 10.1177/1756283X11401773
                PMC ID: 4017427
                PubMed ID: 24834176
                SO-VID: 1a417649-98df-410a-b299-46cf4e538856
                Copyright © Copyright © 2011 Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.

                History
                Date received : 23 February 2011
                Date accepted : 18 May 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Brief Report

                Keywords: functional gastrointestinal disorder,rome iii criteria,psychiatric disorders
                Data availability:
                Keywords: functional gastrointestinal disorder, rome iii criteria, psychiatric disorders

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