Ambient fine particulate matter and allergic symptoms in the middle-aged and elderly population: results from the PIFCOPD study

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Abstract

Background

The associations between short- and long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM _2.5) and allergic symptoms in middle-aged and elderly populations remain unclear, particularly in China, where most cities have severe air pollution.

Methods

Participants (n = 10,142; age = 40–75 years) were recruited from ten regions in China from 2018 to 2021 for the Predictive Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV ₁) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (PIFCOPD) study. Short-term (lag0 and lag0–7 day) and long-term (1-, 3- and 5-year) PM _2.5 concentrations at residences were extracted from the air pollutant database known as Tracking Air Pollution (TAP) in China. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate associations for short- and long-term PM _2.5 exposure concentrations and long-term exposure models were additionally adjusted for short-term deviations.

Results

A 10 µg/m ³ increase in PM _2.5 on the day the allergic symptoms questionnaire was administered (lag0 day) was associated with higher odds of allergic nasal (1.09, 95% CI 1.05, 1.12) and eye symptoms (1.08, 95% CI 1.05, 1.11), worsening dyspnea caused by allergens (1.06, 95% CI 1.02, 1.10), and ≥ 2 allergic symptoms (1.07, 95% CI 1.03, 1.11), which was similar in the lag0–7 day concentrations. A 10 µg/m ³ increase in the 1-year average PM _2.5 concentration was associated with an increase of 23% for allergic nasal symptoms, 22% for eye symptoms, 20% for worsening dyspnea caused by allergens, and 21% for ≥ 2 allergic symptoms, similar to the 3- and 5-year average PM _2.5 concentrations. These associations between long-term PM _2.5 concentration and allergic symptoms were generally unchanged after adjustment for short-term deviations.

Conclusions

Short- and long-term exposure to ambient PM _2.5 was associated with an increased risk of allergic nasal and eye symptoms, worsening dyspnea caused by allergens, and ≥ 2 allergic symptoms.

Trial registration

Clinical trial ID: NCT03532893 (29 Mar 2018).

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-023-02433-2.

Related collections

Most cited references 51

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Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015

AARON COHEN, Michael Brauer, Richard Burnett … (2017)

Summary Background Exposure to ambient air pollution increases morbidity and mortality, and is a leading contributor to global disease burden. We explored spatial and temporal trends in mortality and burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution from 1990 to 2015 at global, regional, and country levels. Methods We estimated global population-weighted mean concentrations of particle mass with aerodynamic diameter less than 2·5 μm (PM2·5) and ozone at an approximate 11 km × 11 km resolution with satellite-based estimates, chemical transport models, and ground-level measurements. Using integrated exposure–response functions for each cause of death, we estimated the relative risk of mortality from ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and lower respiratory infections from epidemiological studies using non-linear exposure–response functions spanning the global range of exposure. Findings Ambient PM2·5 was the fifth-ranking mortality risk factor in 2015. Exposure to PM2·5 caused 4·2 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3·7 million to 4·8 million) deaths and 103·1 million (90·8 million 115·1 million) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2015, representing 7·6% of total global deaths and 4·2% of global DALYs, 59% of these in east and south Asia. Deaths attributable to ambient PM2·5 increased from 3·5 million (95% UI 3·0 million to 4·0 million) in 1990 to 4·2 million (3·7 million to 4·8 million) in 2015. Exposure to ozone caused an additional 254 000 (95% UI 97 000–422 000) deaths and a loss of 4·1 million (1·6 million to 6·8 million) DALYs from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2015. Interpretation Ambient air pollution contributed substantially to the global burden of disease in 2015, which increased over the past 25 years, due to population ageing, changes in non-communicable disease rates, and increasing air pollution in low-income and middle-income countries. Modest reductions in burden will occur in the most polluted countries unless PM2·5 values are decreased substantially, but there is potential for substantial health benefits from exposure reduction. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Health Effects Institute.

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Outdoor air pollution and asthma

Michael Guarnieri, John R. Balmes (2014)

The Lancet, 383(9928), 1581-1592

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Prevalence, risk factors, and management of asthma in China: a national cross-sectional study

Kewu Huang, Ting Yang, Jianying Xu … (2019)

Asthma is a common chronic airway disease worldwide. Despite its large population size, China has had no comprehensive study of the national prevalence, risk factors, and management of asthma. We therefore aimed to estimate the national prevalence of asthma in a representative sample of the Chinese population.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Guangfa Wang: wangguangfa@hotmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Respir Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Respir Res

Title: Respiratory Research

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Print): 1465-9921

ISSN (Electronic): 1465-993X

Publication date (Electronic): 25 May 2023

Publication date PMC-release: 25 May 2023

Publication date (Print): 2023

Volume: 24

Electronic Location Identifier: 139

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.411472.5, ISNI 0000 0004 1764 1621, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, , Peking University First Hospital, ; No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China

[2 ]GRID grid.11135.37, ISNI 0000 0001 2256 9319, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, , Peking University Health Science Centre, ; Beijing, China

[3 ]GRID grid.413375.7, ISNI 0000 0004 1757 7666, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, , The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, ; Hohhot, Inner Mongolia China

[4 ]GRID grid.263452.4, ISNI 0000 0004 1798 4018, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, , Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, ; Taiyuan, Shanxi China

[5 ]GRID grid.43169.39, ISNI 0000 0001 0599 1243, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, , Xi’an Jiaotong University Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, ; Xi’an, Shaanxi China

[6 ]GRID grid.452878.4, ISNI 0000 0004 8340 8940, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, ; Qinhuangdao, Hebei China

[7 ]GRID grid.410638.8, ISNI 0000 0000 8910 6733, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, ; Jinan, Shandong China

[8 ]Mindong Hospital of Ningde City, Ningde, Fujian China

[9 ]GRID grid.412645.0, ISNI 0000 0004 1757 9434, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, ; Tianjin, China

[10 ]GRID grid.452829.0, ISNI 0000000417660726, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, ; Changchun, Jilin China

[11 ]GRID grid.452702.6, ISNI 0000 0004 1804 3009, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, , The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, ; Shijiazhuang, Hebei China

[12 ]Hebei Key Laboratory of Respiratory Critical Care, Shijiazhuang, Hebei China

[13 ]GRID grid.497211.8, General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co., LTD, ; Taiyuan, Shanxi China

[14 ]Jinyuan Community Health Service Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi China

[15 ]GRID grid.459518.4, ISNI 0000 0004 1758 3257, Jining First People’s Hospital, ; Jining, Shandong China

[16 ]GRID grid.414011.1, ISNI 0000 0004 1808 090X, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, ; Zhengzhou, Henan China

[17 ]GRID grid.411472.5, ISNI 0000 0004 1764 1621, Department of Biostatistics, , Peking University First Hospital, ; Beijing, China

Article

Publisher ID: 2433

DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02433-2

PMC ID: 10214547

PubMed ID: 37231445

SO-VID: 1271fcf4-44f9-4ff7-a580-653af907fa5a

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 27 December 2022

Date accepted : 24 April 2023