Advances in Functionalized Applications of Graphene‐Based Wearable Sensors in Healthcare

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Abstract

Graphene has earned significant attention in the present world due to its light weight and extremely good conductive properties, which are used in different functional materials and smart devices. With skyrocketing demand, wearable sensors are evolving with many essential functionalities and flexibility in use. Moreover, wearable sensors can show some marvelous activities easily when they are incorporated with different nanomaterials and two‐dimensional (2D) materials. Therefore, after the immense effort and diligence of scientists over the years, wearable sensors can successfully exhibit numerous potential applications, such as motion detection, artificial intelligence, prosthetic skin, intelligent robotics, and human‐machine interface and interaction. With the rapid development of flexible, perceptible electrical devices, graphene‐based wearable sensors play an eminent role in healthcare. In this work, a comprehensive overview of recent research on wearable sensors and integrated systems for various sections of healthcare is demonstrated. Along with discussing the basic properties of graphene and the fabrication methods for graphene‐based wearable sensors, this work can help the scientists address them and set a projection for future studies. Wearable graphene‐based sensors have great potential to make healthcare facilities more accessible and enhance the quality of sensing activities, which has enormous implications for the future of healthcare.

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Most cited references 281

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We report the measurement of the thermal conductivity of a suspended single-layer graphene. The room temperature values of the thermal conductivity in the range approximately (4.84+/-0.44)x10(3) to (5.30+/-0.48)x10(3) W/mK were extracted for a single-layer graphene from the dependence of the Raman G peak frequency on the excitation laser power and independently measured G peak temperature coefficient. The extremely high value of the thermal conductivity suggests that graphene can outperform carbon nanotubes in heat conduction. The superb thermal conduction property of graphene is beneficial for the proposed electronic applications and establishes graphene as an excellent material for thermal management.

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Graphene sheets--one-atom-thick two-dimensional layers of sp2-bonded carbon--are predicted to have a range of unusual properties. Their thermal conductivity and mechanical stiffness may rival the remarkable in-plane values for graphite (approximately 3,000 W m(-1) K(-1) and 1,060 GPa, respectively); their fracture strength should be comparable to that of carbon nanotubes for similar types of defects; and recent studies have shown that individual graphene sheets have extraordinary electronic transport properties. One possible route to harnessing these properties for applications would be to incorporate graphene sheets in a composite material. The manufacturing of such composites requires not only that graphene sheets be produced on a sufficient scale but that they also be incorporated, and homogeneously distributed, into various matrices. Graphite, inexpensive and available in large quantity, unfortunately does not readily exfoliate to yield individual graphene sheets. Here we present a general approach for the preparation of graphene-polymer composites via complete exfoliation of graphite and molecular-level dispersion of individual, chemically modified graphene sheets within polymer hosts. A polystyrene-graphene composite formed by this route exhibits a percolation threshold of approximately 0.1 volume per cent for room-temperature electrical conductivity, the lowest reported value for any carbon-based composite except for those involving carbon nanotubes; at only 1 volume per cent, this composite has a conductivity of approximately 0.1 S m(-1), sufficient for many electrical applications. Our bottom-up chemical approach of tuning the graphene sheet properties provides a path to a broad new class of graphene-based materials and their use in a variety of applications.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Mahmuda Akter: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Title: Advanced Sensor Research

Abbreviated Title: Advanced Sensor Research

Publisher: Wiley

ISSN (Print): 2751-1219

ISSN (Electronic): 2751-1219

Publication date Created: February 2024

Publication date (Electronic): November 15 2023

Publication date (Print): February 2024

Volume: 3

Issue: 2

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Apparel Engineering Bangladesh University of Textiles Dhaka 1208 Bangladesh

[2 ] Department of Wet Process Engineering Bangladesh University of Textiles Tejgaon Dhaka 1208 Bangladesh

Article

DOI: 10.1002/adsr.202300120

SO-VID: 00d8ee59-b099-4c41-bb53-83fbd0a44f3c

License:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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