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      Peripherally inserted central catheters in the neonatal period Translated title: Cateteres centrais de inserção periférica no período neonatal

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          Abstract

          PURPOSE: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) have been extensively used in neonates. However, insertion of these thinnest catheters is a very delicate procedure associated with a high failure rate. In our Neonatal Surgical Intensive Care Unit, we developed a very easy new PICC insertion and evaluated the neonates treated with PICCs which were inserted by using our technique as well as catheter features such as success rate, number of insertion attempts, reason for removal and complications. METHODS: Information was retrospectively collected on all 40 PICCs inserted at Kutahya Evliya Celebi Goverment Hospital and Dicle University Hospital during a 6-years period from September 2004 to September 2010. RESULTS: A total of 40 PICCs were inserted in 37 patients (26, 70% males, 11, 30% females) by using new technique. The median age of patients was 8.3 days (range 1 to 66 days) and the median weight of patients was 2365 g (range 600 to 5000 g). The vein most commonly accessed was long saphenous vein (85%). The length of PICCs in the body was 19.6 cm (range 5 cm to 30 cm). The tip was located in a central vein in all patients. Surgical abdomen was the most common cause for PICC insertion (38%). Duration of catheterization was 7.7±5.6 days (1-F 5.5 days, 2-F 8.6 days). Almost all of the PICCs were inserted successfully (40/42, success rate 95%) and in the first venipucture (36/42, 86%). Completion of therapy and removed after death were achieved with 87% of PICCs. Three minor complications were noted. Minor bleeding in the insertion site which was stopped via compression occurred in two neonates. Major complication was not seen. No deaths were directly attributed to PICCs use. CONCLUSION: The new insertion technique of the neonatal peripherally inserted central catheters may be one of the easiest and safest techniques, in comparison to previous techniques reported in the literature.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: Cateteres centrais de inserção periférica (PICC) têm sido usados extensivamente em neonatos. Entretanto, a inserção destes cateteres tão finos é um procedimento muito delicado associado a uma elevada taxa de falha. Em nossa Unidade de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal, nós desenvolvemos uma técnica muito fácil de inserção de PICC e avaliamos os neonatos tratados com PICCs que foram inseridos usando nossa técnica assim como características relacionadas ao cateter tais como taxa de sucesso, número de tentativas de inserção, razão de remoção e complicações. MÉTODOS: Informações foram coletadas retrospectivamente de todos os 40 PICCs inseridos no Kutahya Evliya Celebi Goverment Hospital e Dicle University Hospital durante um período de seis anos, desde Setembro de 2004 até Setembro de 2010. RESULTADOS: Um total de 40 PICCs foi inserido em 37 pacientes (26 homens, 70%, 11 mulheres, 30%) usando a nova técnica. A idade media dos pacientes foi de 8,3 dias (variando entre 1 e 66 dias) e a mediana do peso dos pacientes foi 2365g (variando entre 600g e 5000g). A veia mais comumente acessada foi a veia safena magna (85%). O comprimento mediano do PICC no corpo foi 19,6 cm (variando entre 5 cm e 30 cm). A ponta foi alocada em uma veia central em todos os pacientes. Cirurgia abdominal foi a causa mais comum de uso do PICC (38%). A duração do cateterismo foi 7,7±5,6 dias. Quase todos os PICCs foram inseridos com sucesso (40/42, taxa de sucesso de 95%) e na primeira venopunção (36/42, 86%). O término da terapia e a remoção após morte ocorreu em 87% dos PICCs. Foram observadas três complicações menores. Pequeno sangramento no local da inserção, que parou com compressão, ocorreu em dois neonatos. Complicações importantes não foram observadas. Nenhuma morte foi diretamente atribuída ao uso do PICC. CONCLUSÃO: A nova técnica de inserção periférica de cateteres centrais em neonatos pode ser um procedimento seguro e fácil, comparando com as técnicas previamente relatadas na literatura.

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          A randomized trial comparing peripherally inserted central venous catheters and peripheral intravenous catheters in infants with very low birth weight

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            Survey of the Use of Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheters in Children

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              Technological advances for PICC placement and management.

              Placement of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is often complicated by the infant's small size and previous use of the peripheral veins, making the traditional means of insertion inadequate. New techniques and technologies, previously reserved for pediatric and adult patients, are now available for use in neonates and can enhance the practice of neonatal PICC teams. The modified Seldinger technique allows insertion of the PICC via smaller peripheral veins while decreasing venous trauma and enhancing the rate of successful placement. A second useful technique, the catheter exchange procedure, allows insertion of a new catheter within the same vein when complications such as occlusion, breakage, or inappropriate position occur and require removal of the currently dwelling PICC. Clinicians caring for neonates and infants must continually update their knowledge and skill by incorporating new techniques into their practice.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                acb
                Acta Cirurgica Brasileira
                Acta Cir. Bras.
                Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia (São Paulo )
                1678-2674
                October 2011
                : 26
                : 5
                : 404-411
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Dicle University Turkey
                [2 ] Dicle University Turkey
                [3 ] Dicle University Turkey
                [4 ] Abant Izzet Baysal University Turkey
                Article
                S0102-86502011000500014
                10.1590/S0102-86502011000500014
                c4443f21-221b-4fde-9add-fccdae3b1d42

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-8650&lng=en
                Categories
                SURGERY

                Surgery
                Catheterization,Peripheral,Techniques,Infant,Newborn,Cateterismo Periférico,Técnicas,Recém-Nascido
                Surgery
                Catheterization, Peripheral, Techniques, Infant, Newborn, Cateterismo Periférico, Técnicas, Recém-Nascido

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