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      Roadmap on semiconductor–cell biointerfaces

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          Abstract

          This roadmap outlines the role semiconductor-based materials play in understanding the complex biophysical dynamics at multiple length scales, as well as the design and implementation of next-generation electronic, optoelectronic, and mechanical devices for biointerfaces. The roadmap emphasizes the advantages of semiconductor building blocks in interfacing, monitoring, and manipulating the activity of biological components, and discusses the possibility of using active semiconductor–cell interfaces for discovering new signaling processes in the biological world.

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          Most cited references109

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          A new mixing of Hartree–Fock and local density-functional theories

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            The rise of plastic bioelectronics.

            Plastic bioelectronics is a research field that takes advantage of the inherent properties of polymers and soft organic electronics for applications at the interface of biology and electronics. The resulting electronic materials and devices are soft, stretchable and mechanically conformable, which are important qualities for interacting with biological systems in both wearable and implantable devices. Work is currently aimed at improving these devices with a view to making the electronic-biological interface as seamless as possible.
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              Dissolvable films of silk fibroin for ultrathin conformal bio-integrated electronics.

              Electronics that are capable of intimate, non-invasive integration with the soft, curvilinear surfaces of biological tissues offer important opportunities for diagnosing and treating disease and for improving brain/machine interfaces. This article describes a material strategy for a type of bio-interfaced system that relies on ultrathin electronics supported by bioresorbable substrates of silk fibroin. Mounting such devices on tissue and then allowing the silk to dissolve and resorb initiates a spontaneous, conformal wrapping process driven by capillary forces at the biotic/abiotic interface. Specialized mesh designs and ultrathin forms for the electronics ensure minimal stresses on the tissue and highly conformal coverage, even for complex curvilinear surfaces, as confirmed by experimental and theoretical studies. In vivo, neural mapping experiments on feline animal models illustrate one mode of use for this class of technology. These concepts provide new capabilities for implantable and surgical devices.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                101197454
                32542
                Phys Biol
                Phys Biol
                Physical biology
                1478-3967
                1478-3975
                12 March 2019
                09 March 2018
                09 March 2018
                30 June 2019
                : 15
                : 3
                : 031002
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
                [2 ]Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States of America
                [3 ]Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
                [4 ]McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
                [5 ]Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
                [6 ]Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
                [7 ]Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
                [8 ]Kavli Energy Nanosciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
                [9 ]Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
                [10 ]Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
                [11 ]Department: Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
                [12 ]Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia e Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
                [13 ]Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
                [14 ]Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
                [15 ]Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
                [16 ]Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
                [17 ]Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
                [18 ]Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
                [19 ]Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
                [20 ]Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
                Author notes
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-0023
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-552X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8853-9523
                Article
                PMC6599646 PMC6599646 6599646 nihpa1011887
                10.1088/1478-3975/aa9f34
                6599646
                29205173
                ea0233f5-bef7-4b21-96ae-f7b797577ca9
                History
                Categories
                Article

                materials,bioelectronics,biophotonics,biointerfaces,semiconductors

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