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      Chemodynamic Therapy: Tumour Microenvironment-Mediated Fenton and Fenton-like Reactions

      1 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 1 , 3
      Angewandte Chemie International Edition
      Wiley

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          Abstract

          Tailored to the specific tumour microenvironment, which involves acidity and the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide, advanced nanotechnology has been introduced to generate the hydroxyl radical (. OH) primarily for tumour chemodynamic therapy (CDT) through the Fenton and Fenton-like reactions. Numerous studies have investigated the enhancement of CDT efficiency, primarily the increase in the amount of . OH generated. Notably, various strategies based on the Fenton reaction have been employed to enhance . OH generation, including nanomaterials selection, modulation of the reaction environment, and external energy fields stimulation, which are discussed systematically in this Minireview. Furthermore, the potential challenges and the methods used to facilitate CDT effectiveness are also presented to support this cutting-edge research area.

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          Most cited references59

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          Advanced Oxidation Processes for Organic Contaminant Destruction Based on the Fenton Reaction and Related Chemistry

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            Simultaneous Fenton-like Ion Delivery and Glutathione Depletion by MnO2 -Based Nanoagent to Enhance Chemodynamic Therapy

            Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) utilizes iron-initiated Fenton chemistry to destroy tumor cells by converting endogenous H2 O2 into the highly toxic hydroxyl radical (. OH). There is a paucity of Fenton-like metal-based CDT agents. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) with . OH scavenging ability greatly reduces CDT efficacy. A self-reinforcing CDT nanoagent based on MnO2 is reported that has both Fenton-like Mn2+ delivery and GSH depletion properties. In the presence of HCO3- , which is abundant in the physiological medium, Mn2+ exerts Fenton-like activity to generate . OH from H2 O2 . Upon uptake of MnO2 -coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MS@MnO2 NPs) by cancer cells, the MnO2 shell undergoes a redox reaction with GSH to form glutathione disulfide and Mn2+ , resulting in GSH depletion-enhanced CDT. This, together with the GSH-activated MRI contrast effect and dissociation of MnO2 , allows MS@MnO2 NPs to achieve MRI-monitored chemo-chemodynamic combination therapy.
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              Tumor-selective catalytic nanomedicine by nanocatalyst delivery

              Tumor cells metabolize in distinct pathways compared with most normal tissue cells. The resulting tumor microenvironment would provide characteristic physiochemical conditions for selective tumor modalities. Here we introduce a concept of sequential catalytic nanomedicine for efficient tumor therapy by designing and delivering biocompatible nanocatalysts into tumor sites. Natural glucose oxidase (GOD, enzyme catalyst) and ultrasmall Fe3O4 nanoparticles (inorganic nanozyme, Fenton reaction catalyst) have been integrated into the large pore-sized and biodegradable dendritic silica nanoparticles to fabricate the sequential nanocatalyst. GOD in sequential nanocatalyst could effectively deplete glucose in tumor cells, and meanwhile produce a considerable amount of H2O2 for subsequent Fenton-like reaction catalyzed by Fe3O4 nanoparticles in response to mild acidic tumor microenvironment. Highly toxic hydroxyl radicals are generated through these sequential catalytic reactions to trigger the apoptosis and death of tumor cells. The current work manifests a proof of concept of catalytic nanomedicine by approaching selectivity and efficiency concurrently for tumor therapeutics.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Angewandte Chemie International Edition
                Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
                Wiley
                14337851
                January 21 2019
                January 21 2019
                November 20 2018
                : 58
                : 4
                : 946-956
                Affiliations
                [1 ]State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure; Shanghai Institute of Ceramics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200050 P.R. China
                [2 ]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P.R. China
                [3 ]Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200062 P.R. China
                Article
                10.1002/anie.201805664
                30048028
                fdbee778-7497-4ced-a2d0-dd7368b73d0b
                © 2018

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

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