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      Composición fitoquímica de los tallos y hojas de la especie Solanum nigrum L. que crece en Cuba Translated title: Phytochemical composition of stems and leaves from Solanum nigrum L. grown in Cuba

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          Abstract

          Introducción: Solanum nigrum L. se emplea como antiséptico, expectorante, cardiotónico, digestivo diaforético y sedativo. Las hojas son usadas como emplastos para el reumatismo, enfermedades de la piel, y para el tratamiento de la tuberculosis. Se considera un potente antiinflamatorio. Objetivos: determinar la composición fitoquímica de los extractos etéreo, alcohólico y acuoso de tallos y hojas de la especie Solanum nigrum L. Métodos: se recolectaron tallos y hojas de Solanum nigrum L., se lavaron, desinfectaron, secaron, pulverizaron y les fueron realizadas extracciones sucesivas con solventes de polaridad creciente. Los extractos se filtraron y se les practicó ensayos fitoquímicos de identificación de metabolitos secundarios. Resultados: los resultados de la determinación de la composición fitoquímica de los extractos etéreo, alcohólico y acuoso de las hojas y tallos, indican la existencia de varias familias de metabolitos secundarios como alcaloides, flavonoides, cumarinas, taninos y saponinas. Conclusiones: se destacan, por su significativa presencia, flavonoides, alcaloides, taninos y cumarinas, que resultan de interés biológico y farmacológico por sus posibles aplicaciones terapéuticas.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: Solanum nigrum L. is used as antiseptic, expectorant, digestive,cardotonic diaphoretic and sedative agent. The leaves are used as poultice for rheumatism, skin diseases, and for the treatment of tuberculosis. It is considered a potent antiinflammatory. Objectives: to determine the phytochemical screening of ethereal, alcoholic and watery extracts from the Solanum nigrum L leaves and stems. Methods: steams and leaves were harvested, washed, disinfected, dried off, pulverized, and finally underwent consecutive extraction processes with growing polarity solvents. The extracts were filtered and subjected to phytochemical tests to identify the secondary metabolites. Results: the results of the phytochemical study performed to ethereal, alcoholic, and watery extracts of leaves and stems, showed the existence of several families of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins tannins, and saponins. Conclusions: alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins and tannins are significantly present; they arouse the pharmacological and biological interest because of their possible therapeutic applications.

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          Most cited references40

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          Flavonoid biosynthesis. A colorful model for genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, and biotechnology.

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            Induction of apoptosis in HepG2 cells by solanine and Bcl-2 protein.

            The nightshade (Solanum nigrum Linn.) has been widely used in Chinese traditional medicine as a remedy for the treatment of digestive system cancer. The anti-tumor activity of solanine, a steroid alkaloid isolated from the nightshade has been demonstrated. To observe the effect of anti-tumor and mechanism of solanine. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the IC(50) on the three digestive system tumor cell lines. The effect on the morphology was observed with a laser confocal microscopy; the rate of apoptosis and the cell cycle were measured using flow cytometry (FCM); the expression of Bcl-2 protein was measured by Western blot. The results show that the IC(50) for HepG(2), SGC-7901, and LS-174 were 14.47, >50, and >50 microg/ml, respectively; the morphology of cells in the negative control was normal; for the treated groups, typical signs for apoptosis were found. The rate of apoptosis in HepG(2) cells induced by solanine was found to be 6.0, 14.4, 17.3, 18.9, and 32.2%, respectively. Observation of the cell cycle showed that cells in the G(2)/M phases disappeared while the number of cells in the S phase increased significantly for treated groups. Western blot showed that solanine decreased the expression of Bcl-2 protein. Therefore, the target of solanine in inducing apoptosis in HepG(2) cells seems to be mediated by the inhibition in the expression of Bcl-2 protein.
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              Antineoplastic agents. III: Steroidal glycosides from Solanum nigrum.

              By bioactivity-guided fractionation, three known steroidal glycosides, beta 2-solamargine (1), solamargine (2), and degalactotigonin (3), were isolated from Solanum nigrum. Compounds 1-3 induced morphological abnormality in Pyricularia oryzae mycelia with MMDC (minimum morphological deformation concentration) values of 63.0, 38.5, and 97.2 microM, respectively. This is the first report on the isolation of 1 from this species and on the cytotoxicity of 1-3 on six cultured human solid tumor cell lines HT-29 (colon), HCT-15 (colon), LNCaP (prostate), PC-3 (prostate), T47D (breast), and MDA-MB-231 (breast) in vitro. The cytotoxic assay indicated that 2 is the main antineoplastic agent in S. nigrum. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of chemical evidence and spectral analysis, especially by 2D-NMR analysis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pla
                Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales
                Rev Cubana Plant Med
                ECIMED (Ciudad de la Habana, , Cuba )
                1028-4796
                March 2013
                : 18
                : 1
                : 10-16
                Affiliations
                [01] Bayamo orgnameUniversidad de Granma orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Técnicas orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Cuba
                [02] Bayamo orgnameEmpresa Nacional de Análisis y Servicios Técnicos Cuba
                Article
                S1028-47962013000100003 S1028-4796(13)01800103
                fadba177-54c0-490a-809b-99bb5e97fe5b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 November 2011
                : 11 July 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                Solanum nigrum,phytochemical study,biological activity,Solanum nigrum L,tamizaje fitoquímico,actividad biológica

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