Health-seeking behavior among non-communicable disease patients globally, systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Introduction:

Non-communicable disease contributes to over 42 million deaths worldwide and it is estimated that 86% of non-communicable disease-related mortalities happen in low and middle-income countries. Understanding health-seeking behaviors like initiating care at the right time, with the right provider and maintaining regularity of care seeking is a prelude for a successful management of non-communicable diseases. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the pooled prevalence of health-seeking behavior for non-communicable disease and associated factors worldwide.

Method:

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist guideline was followed for this review and meta-analysis. Electronic data base, PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Web of science, Google scholar and Science direct were used to retrieve studies reported in English language with publication year since 2018 worldwide. Studies reporting proportion of health-seeking behavior for non-communicable disease were evaluated. The pooled prevalence, odds ratio and confidence interval were calculated using Stata version 17 software. The quality of studies included in this review was checked using modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational study checklist.

Result:

Ten studies which involved 63,498 patients with non-communicable disease were included in this review. The pooled estimated proportion of health-seeking behavior among non-communicable diseases patients from health facilities were 56% (95% CI: 44–68). Older age > 60, urban residency, being of female gender, high educational status, getting support during treatment, knowledge on non-communicable disease, having more than one non-communicable disease, presences of health insurance and middle and upper economic class were factors positively associated with health-seeking behavior for non-communicable diseases.

Conclusion:

Despite the fact that more than half of patients with non-communicable diseases have health-seeking behavior in health facilities, still, there are a considerable number of individuals with non-communicable diseases having no health-seeking behavior worldwide. Therefore, organizations working for the welfare of human betterment would do well in implementing strategies that could improve health-seeking behavior that would help to reduce the burdens on health systems and prevent premature death from non-communicable diseases.

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Most cited references 30

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Health seeking behaviour and health service utilization in Pakistan: challenging the policy makers.

B T Shaikh, J. Hatcher (2005)

There is a growing literature on health seeking behaviours and the determinants of health services utilization especially in the context of developing countries. However, very few focused studies have been seen in Pakistan in this regard. This paper presents an extensive literature review of the situation in developing countries and relates the similar factors responsible for shaping up of a health seeking behaviour and health service utilization in Pakistan. The factors determining the health behaviours may be seen in various contexts: physical, socio-economic, cultural and political. Therefore, the utilization of a health care system, public or private, formal or non-formal, may depend on socio-demographic factors, social structures, level of education, cultural beliefs and practices, gender discrimination, status of women, economic and political systems environmental conditions, and the disease pattern and health care system itself. Policy makers need to understand the drivers of health seeking behaviour of the population in an increasingly pluralistic health care system. Also a more concerted effort is required for designing behavioural health promotion campaigns through inter-sectoral collaboration focusing more on disadvantaged segments of the population.

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Management and Prevention Strategies for Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) and Their Risk Factors

Aida Budrevičiūtė, Samar Damiati, Dana Khdr Sabir … (2020)

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are of increasing concern for society and national governments, as well as globally due to their high mortality rate. The main risk factors of NCDs can be classified into the categories of self-management, genetic factors, environmental factors, factors of medical conditions, and socio-demographic factors. The main focus is on the elements of self-management and to reach a consensus about the influence of food on risk management and actions toward the prevention of NCDs at all stages of life. Nutrition interventions are essential in managing the risk of NCDs. As they are of the utmost importance, this review highlights NCDs and their risk factors and outlines several common prevention strategies. We foresee that the best prevention management strategy will include individual (lifestyle management), societal (awareness management), national (health policy decisions), and global (health strategy) elements, with target actions, such as multi-sectoral partnership, knowledge and information management, and innovations. The most effective preventative strategy is the one that leads to changes in lifestyle with respect to diet, physical activities, cessation of smoking, and the control of metabolic disorders.

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A systematic review of associations between non-communicable diseases and socioeconomic status within low- and lower-middle-income countries

Julianne Williams, Luke Allen, Kremlin Wickramasinghe … (2018)

Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Eighty-two percent of premature NCD deaths occur within low- and lower middle-income countries (LLMICs). Research to date, largely drawn from high-income countries, suggests that disadvantaged and marginalized groups have a higher NCD burden, but there has been a dearth of research studying this relationship within LLMICs. The purpose of this systematic review is to map the literature on evidence from LLMICs on the socio-economic status (SES) gradient of four particular NCDs: cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search for primary research published between 1 January 1990 and 27 April 2015 using six bibliographic databases and web resources. We included studies that reported SES and morbidity or mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases within LLMICs. Results Fifty-seven studies from 17 LLMICs met our inclusion criteria. Fourteen of the 18 papers that reported significant associations between cancer and SES suggested that low SES groups had the highest cancer risk. Eleven of 15 papers reporting significant relationships between CVD and SES suggested that low SES groups have higher risk. In contrast, seven of 12 papers reporting significant findings related to diabetes found that higher SES groups had higher diabetes risk. We identified just three studies on the relationship between chronic respiratory diseases and SES; none of them reported significant findings. Conclusions Only 17 of the 84 LLMICs were represented, highlighting the need for more research on NCDs within these countries. The majority of studies were medium to high quality cross-sectional studies. When we restricted our analyses to high quality studies only, for both cancer and cardiovascular disease more than half of studies found a significantly higher risk for those of lower SES. The opposite was true for diabetes, whilst there was a paucity of high quality research on chronic respiratory disease. Development programmes must consider health alongside other aims and NCD prevention interventions must target all members of the population. Systematic review registration number Prospero: CRD42015020169.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): SAGE Open Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): SAGE Open Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): SMO

Journal ID (hwp): spsmo

Title: SAGE Open Medicine

Publisher: SAGE Publications (Sage UK: London, England )

ISSN (Electronic): 2050-3121

Publication date (Electronic): 6 December 2023

Publication date Collection: 2023

Volume: 11

Electronic Location Identifier: 20503121231215236

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

[2 ]Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia

[3 ]Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia

[4 ]Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

[5 ]Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia

[6 ]Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia

Author notes

[*]Tadele Fentabil Anagaw, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Po.Box 079, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Email: tadele27@ 123456gmail.com

Author information

Tadele Fentabil Anagaw https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0312-4119

Eyob Ketema Bogale https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0010-3750

Eneyew Talie Fenta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3710-7990

Natnael Kebede https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5734-6289

Tadele Derbew Kassie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-6090

Article

Publisher ID: 10.1177_20503121231215236

DOI: 10.1177/20503121231215236

PMC ID: 10702414

PubMed ID: 38078206

SO-VID: f7ee52ae-f8ac-44ce-9915-a5d345894afe

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This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

History

Date received : 8 July 2023

Date accepted : 30 October 2023

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cover-date January-December 2023

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Keywords: health-seeking behavior,care-seeking behavior,non-communicable disease

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Keywords: health-seeking behavior, care-seeking behavior, non-communicable disease

Health-seeking behavior among non-communicable disease patients globally, systematic review and meta-analysis

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Most cited references 30

Health seeking behaviour and health service utilization in Pakistan: challenging the policy makers.

Management and Prevention Strategies for Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) and Their Risk Factors

A systematic review of associations between non-communicable diseases and socioeconomic status within low- and lower-middle-income countries

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