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      Layered composite based on halloysite and natural polymers: a carrier for the pH controlled release of drugs

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          Abstract

          We have prepared new biohybrid materials based on halloysite nanotubes and natural polymers (alginate and chitosan) for the controlled and sustained release of bioactive species.

          Abstract

          We have prepared new biohybrid materials based on halloysite nanotubes and natural polymers (alginate and chitosan) for the controlled and sustained release of bioactive species. A functional nanoarchitecture has been designed allowing us to generate a layered tablet with a chitosan/halloysite nanocomposite film sandwiched between two alginate layers. The assembly of the raw components and the final structure of the hybrid tablet have been highlighted by the morphological and wettability properties of the prepared materials. Since the biohybrid has been designed as a smart carrier, halloysite nanotubes have been first loaded with a model drug (sodium diclofenac). The effect of the tablet thickness on the drug release kinetics has been investigated, confirming that the delivery capacity can be controlled by modifying the alginate amounts of the external layers. A simulation of the typical pH conditions along the human gastro-intestinal path has been carried out. Strong acidic conditions (pH = 3, typical in the stomach) prevent the drug release. In contrast, the drug was released at pH = 5.7 and 7.8, which simulate the duodenum/ileum and colon paths, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed nanoarchitecture is suitable as a functional material with tunable delivery capacity.

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          Most cited references55

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          Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review.

          The more recent methods for the removal of synthetic dyes from waters and wastewater are complied. The various methods of removal such as adsorption on various sorbents, chemical decomposition by oxidation, photodegradation, and microbiological decoloration, employing activated sludge, pure cultures and microbe consortiums are described. The advantages and disadvantages of the various methods are discussed and their efficacies are compared.
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            Halloysite clay nanotubes for controlled release of protective agents.

            Halloysite aluminosilicate nanotubes with a 15 nm lumen, 50 nm external diameter, and length of 800 +/- 300 nm have been developed as an entrapment system for loading, storage, and controlled release of anticorrosion agents and biocides. Fundamental research to enable the control of release rates from hours to months is being undertaken. By variation of internal fluidic properties, the formation of nanoshells over the nanotubes and by creation of smart caps at the tube ends it is possible to develop further means of controlling the rate of release. Anticorrosive halloysite coatings are in development and a self-healing approach has been developed for repair mechanisms through response activation to external impacts. In this Perspective, applications of halloysite as nanometer-scale containers are discussed, including the use of halloysite tubes as drug releasing agents, as biomimetic reaction vessels, and as additives in biocide and protective coatings. Halloysite nanotubes are available in thousands of tons, and remain sophisticated and novel natural nanomaterials which can be used for the loading of agents for metal and plastic anticorrosion and biocide protection.
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              Functional polymer–clay nanotube composites with sustained release of chemical agents

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                NJCHE5
                New Journal of Chemistry
                New J. Chem.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1144-0546
                1369-9261
                July 8 2019
                2019
                : 43
                : 27
                : 10887-10893
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica
                [2 ]Università degli Studi di Palermo
                [3 ]90128 Palermo
                [4 ]Italy
                [5 ]Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
                Article
                10.1039/C9NJ02565K
                f6c098af-d0ee-4715-baf9-d1c068043d33
                © 2019

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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