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      Production and antibacterial activity of biosurfactant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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      Journal: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
      Publisher: IOP Publishing

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          Abstract

          A total of four types of instant dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae which are Gloripan, Swan, Super Man (China) and Saf (Turkey), were obtained from the local market in Baghdad, Iraq. All the types were identified according to their morphological characteristics and screened for their ability to produce biosurfactant by oil spread method. Biosurfactant was extracted and partially purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate at saturation ratio75%. Antibacterial activity of crude and partially purified biosurfactant was tested against twenty isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the results showed that crude biosurfactant has no activity against tested bacteria while partially purified biosurfactant was active against only ten isolates of P. aeruginosa. Also, the effect of some optimum conditions on production was studied and the results showed that mineral salt medium with olive oil as carbon source at pH 5 and incubation at 25 °C for three days were optimum conditions for biosurfactant production.

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          Microbial biosurfactants production, applications and future potential.

          Ibrahim M. Banat, Andrea Franzetti, Isabella Gandolfi … (2010)
          Microorganisms synthesise a wide range of surface-active compounds (SAC), generally called biosurfactants. These compounds are mainly classified according to their molecular weight, physico-chemical properties and mode of action. The low-molecular-weight SACs or biosurfactants reduce the surface tension at the air/water interfaces and the interfacial tension at oil/water interfaces, whereas the high-molecular-weight SACs, also called bioemulsifiers, are more effective in stabilising oil-in-water emulsions. Biosurfactants are attracting much interest due to their potential advantages over their synthetic counterparts in many fields spanning environmental, food, biomedical, and other industrial applications. Their large-scale application and production, however, are currently limited by the high cost of production and by limited understanding of their interactions with cells and with the abiotic environment. In this paper, we review the current knowledge and the latest advances in biosurfactant applications and the biotechnological strategies being developed for improving production processes and future potential.
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            Comparison of methods to detect biosurfactant production by diverse microorganisms.

            Noha H. Youssef, Kathleen E. Duncan, David Nagle … (2004)
            Three methods to detect biosurfactant production, drop collapse, oil spreading, and blood agar lysis, were compared for their ease of use and reliability in relation to the ability of the cultures to reduce surface tension. The three methods were used to test for biosurfactant production in 205 environmental strains with different phylogenetic affiliations. Surface tension of select strains that gave conflicting results with the above three methods was also measured. Sixteen percent of the strains that lysed blood agar tested negative for biosurfactant production with the other two methods and had little reduction in surface tension (values above 60 mN/m). Thirty eight percent of the strains that did not lyse blood agar tested positive for biosurfactant production with the other two methods and had surface tension values as low as 35 mN/m. There was a very strong, negative, linear correlation between the diameter of clear zone obtained with the oil spreading technique and surface tension (rs = -0.959) and a weaker negative correlation between drop collapse method and surface tension (rs = -0.82), suggesting that the oil spreading technique better predicted biosurfactant production than the drop collapse method. The use of the drop collapse method as a primary method to detect biosurfactant producers, followed by the determination of the biosurfactant concentration using the oil spreading technique, constitutes a quick and easy protocol to screen and quantify biosurfactant production. The large number of false negatives and positives obtained with the blood agar lysis method and its poor correlation to surface tension (rs = -0.15) demonstrated that it is not a reliable method to detect biosurfactant production.
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              Environmental Applications of Biosurfactants: Recent Advances

              Magdalena Pacwa-Płociniczak, Grażyna Płaza, Zofia Piotrowska-Seget … (2011)
              Increasing public awareness of environmental pollution influences the search and development of technologies that help in clean up of organic and inorganic contaminants such as hydrocarbons and metals. An alternative and eco-friendly method of remediation technology of environments contaminated with these pollutants is the use of biosurfactants and biosurfactant-producing microorganisms. The diversity of biosurfactants makes them an attractive group of compounds for potential use in a wide variety of industrial and biotechnological applications. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of advances in the applications of biosurfactants and biosurfactant-producing microorganisms in hydrocarbon and metal remediation technologies.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
                Abbreviated Title: J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
                Publisher: IOP Publishing
                ISSN (Print): 1742-6588
                ISSN (Electronic): 1742-6596
                Publication date Created: July 01 2019
                Publication date (Print): July 01 2019
                Volume: 1234
                Issue: 1
                Page: 012080
                Article
                DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1234/1/012080
                SO-VID: f4b2c4b5-0808-403c-8436-62725b298d1a
                Copyright © © 2019
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                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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