23
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Behavioral methods to study anxiety in rodents Translated title: Métodos conductuales para estudiar la ansiedad en roedores Translated title: Méthodes comportementales d'étude de l'anxiété chez les rongeurs

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Stress is a precipitating factor for anxiety-related disorders, which are among the leading forms of psychiatric illness and impairment in the modern world. Rodent-based behavioral tests and models are widely used to understand the mechanisms by which stress triggers anxiety-related behaviors and to identify new treatments for anxiety-related disorders. Although substantial progress has been made and many of the key neural circuits and molecular pathways mediating stress responsiveness have been characterized, these advances have thus far failed to translate into fundamentally new treatments that are safer and more efficacious in humans. The purpose of this article is to describe methods that have been historically used for this type of research and to highlight new approaches that align with recent conceptualizations of disease symptomatology and that may ultimately prove to be more fruitful in facilitating the development of improved therapeutics.

          Translated abstract

          El estrés es un factor precipitante para los trastornos relacionados con la ansiedad, los cuales están entre las principales formas de enfermedad psiquiátrica y discapacidad en el mundo moderno. Los modelos y las pruebas conductuales basadas en roedores son ampliamente empleadas para la comprensión de los mecanismos mediante los cuales el estrés gatilla conductas relacionadas con la ansiedad y para identificar nuevos tratamientos para los trastornos relacionados con la ansiedad. Aunque ha habido un significativo progreso y se han caracterizado muchos de los circuitos neurales y vías moleculares clave que median la respuesta de estrés, estos avances han sido insuficientes para traducirse en tratamientos fundamentalmente nuevos que sean más seguros y más eficaces en humanos. El propósito de este artículo es describir los métodos que se han empleado históricamente en este tipo de investigación y destacar los nuevos enfoques que sean concordantes con las conceptualizaciones recientes de la sintomatología de la enfermedad, susceptibles de ser finalmente los más fructíferos para facilitar el desarrollo de los mejores tratamientos.

          Translated abstract

          Le stress est un facteur précipitant des troubles liés à l'anxiété qui représentent la majorité des maladies et du handicap psychiatriques du monde moderne. Des modèles et des tests comportementaux sont largement utilisés chez les rongeurs pour comprendre les mécanismes par lesquels le stress déclenche des comportements anxieux et pour identifier de nouveaux traitements des troubles liés à l'anxiété. Des progrès importants ont été réalisés et de nombreux circuits neuronaux et voies moléculaires clés véhiculant la réactivité au stress ont été caractérisés, mais ces avancées n'ont pas, jusqu'à présent, réussi à se traduire en nouveaux traitements réellement plus sûrs et plus efficaces chez l'homme. Cet article a pour but de décrire les méthodes historiques utilisées pour ce type de recherche et de souligner les nouvelles approches concordant avec les conceptions récentes de la symptomatologie de la maladie susceptibles d'être finalement plus fructueuses pour faciliter le développement de meilleurs traitements.

          Related collections

          Most cited references81

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Essential role of BDNF in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway in social defeat stress.

          Mice experiencing repeated aggression develop a long-lasting aversion to social contact, which can be normalized by chronic, but not acute, administration of antidepressant. Using viral-mediated, mesolimbic dopamine pathway-specific knockdown of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), we showed that BDNF is required for the development of this experience-dependent social aversion. Gene profiling in the nucleus accumbens indicates that local knockdown of BDNF obliterates most of the effects of repeated aggression on gene expression within this circuit, with similar effects being produced by chronic treatment with antidepressant. These results establish an essential role for BDNF in mediating long-term neural and behavioral plasticity in response to aversive social experiences.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress model of depression: a 10-year review and evaluation.

            This paper evaluates the validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression. In the CMS model, rats or mice are exposed sequentially, over a period of weeks, to a variety of mild stressors, and the measure most commonly used to track the effects is a decrease in consumption of a palatable sweet solution. The model has good predictive validity (behavioural changes are reversed by chronic treatment with a wide variety of antidepressants), face validity (almost all demonstrable symptoms of depression have been demonstrated), and construct validity (CMS causes a generalized decrease in responsiveness to rewards, comparable to anhedonia, the core symptom of the melancholic subtype of major depressive disorder). Overall, the CMS procedure appears to be at least as valid as any other animal model of depression. The procedure does, however, have two major drawbacks. One is the practical difficulty of carrying out CMS experiments, which are labour intensive, demanding of space, and of long duration. The other is that, while the procedure operates reliably in many laboratories, it can be difficult to establish, for reasons which remain unclear. However, once established, the CMS model can be used to study problems that are extremely difficult to address by other means.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The 5-choice serial reaction time task: behavioural pharmacology and functional neurochemistry.

              The developmental history and application of the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT) for measuring effects of drugs and other manipulations on attentional performance (and stimulus control) in rats is reviewed. The 5CSRTT has been used for measuring effects of systemic drug treatments and also central manipulations such as neurochemical lesions on various aspects of attentional control, including sustained, selective and divided attention--and is relevant to the definition of neural systems of attention and applications to human disorders such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Alzheimer's disease. The 5CSRTT is implemented in a specially designed operant chamber with multiple response locations ('nine-hole box') using food reinforcers to maintain performance on baseline sessions (about 100 trials) at criterion levels of accuracy and trials completed. The 5CSRTT can be used for measuring various aspects of attentional control over performance with its main measures of accuracy, premature responding, correct response latencies and latency to collect earned food pellets. The data reviewed include studies mainly of systemic and intra-cerebral effects of adrenoceptor, dopamine receptor, serotoninergic receptor and cholinergic receptor agents. These are compared with investigations of effects of selective chemical neurotoxins and excitotoxins applied to discrete parts of the forebrain, in order to define the neural and neurochemical substrates of attentional function. Furthermore, these results are integrated with findings from in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats or metabolic studies. The monoaminergic and cholinergic systems appear to play separable roles in different aspects of performance controlled by the 5CSRTT, in neural systems centred on the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex and striatum. These conclusions are considered in the methodological and theoretical context of other psychopharmacological studies of attention in animals and humans.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
                Les Laboratoires Servier (France )
                1294-8322
                1958-5969
                June 2017
                June 2017
                : 19
                : 2
                : 181-191
                Affiliations
                Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
                Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
                Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
                Author notes
                Article
                10.31887/DCNS.2017.19.2/wcarlezon
                5573562
                28867942
                f24ab8ac-0672-46d2-b418-7da63b0f00bd
                Copyright: © 2017 AICH - Servier Research Group. All rights reserved

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Translational Research

                Neurosciences
                rodent model,anxiety,human,translational behavioral test
                Neurosciences
                rodent model, anxiety, human, translational behavioral test

                Comments

                Comment on this article