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      CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL TALLO ACEPTOR DEL tARN MEDIANTE DESCRIPTORES LOCALES BASADOS EN CARGAS PARCIALES Translated title: CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO TALO ACEITADOR DO tRNA MEDIANTE DESCRITORES LOCAIS BASEADOS EM CARGAS PARCIAIS Translated title: tRNA ACCEPTOR STEM CHARACTERIZATION BY MEANS OF LOCAL DESCRIPTORS BASED ON PARTIAL CHARGES

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          Abstract

          En este trabajo se caracteriza la distribución de carga del tallo aceptor del tARN, considerando todas las posibles combinaciones de pares Watson-Crick. El estudio se realizó con 256 fragmentos moleculares de 10 nucleótidos que modelan los tres primeros pares del tallo aceptor, la base diferenciadora y el extremo CCA. Para caracterizar los nucleótidos se proponen dos descriptores locales basados en la distribución de carga de la base nitrogenada de cada nucleótido, los cuales se calculan a partir de las cargas parciales de Mulliken obtenidas de cálculos HF/6-31G. La caracterización y clasificación de los tallos según estos descriptores mostró cómo la base diferenciadora tiene un comportamiento particular respecto a los demás nucleótidos del tallo y una fuerte influencia sobre el extremo CCA. La clasificación de nueve variaciones del tallo aceptor del tARNAla mostró una buena relación estructura-actividad que pone en evidencia la bondad de los descriptores propuestos para caracterizar de manera local la distribución de carga de estas biomoléculas.

          Translated abstract

          Nesse estudo é caracterizada a distribuição da carga do talo aceitador considerando- se todas as combinações possíveis dos pares Watson-Crick. O estudo realizouse com 256 fragmentos moleculares dos 10 nucleotídeos que modelam os três primeiros pares do talo aceitador, a base diferenciadora e o extremo CCA. Com o intuito de caracterizar cada nucleotídeo, foram propostos dois descritores locais baseados na distribuição de carga da base nitrogenada de cada nucleotídeo, os quais se calculam a partir das cargas parciais de Mulliken obtidas de cálculos HF/6-31G. A caracterização e classificação dos talos segundo esses descritores demonstrou um particular comportamento da base diferenciadora em relação aos demais nucleotídeos do talo e uma forte influência sobre o extremo CCA. A classificação de nove variações do talo aceitador do tRNA mostrou uma boa relação estrutura-atividade que colocam em evidência a utilidade dos descritores propostos para caracterizar de maneira local a distribuição de carga dessas bio-moléculas.

          Translated abstract

          In this work the charge distribution of the tRNA acceptor stem is characterized, considering all the possible Watson- Crick base pair combinations. 256 RNA fragments modeled by 10 nucleotides were used in order to model the first three pairs of the acceptor stem, the discriminator base and the CCA end. We propose two local charge descriptors based on the charge distribution of the nitrogenated base to characterize each nucleotide. These descriptors were computed from atomic partial charges derived from HF/6-31G calculations. From the characterization and classification of the stems according to the proposed descriptors, we found a special behavior for the discriminator base (in contrast to the other positions) and a strong effect of this position on the CCA end. The classification of nine variations of the tRNAAla acceptor stem showed a good structure-activity relationship that makes evident the usefulness of the proposed descriptors to characterize the local charge distributions of these biomolecules.

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          Most cited references27

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          A Second Generation Force Field for the Simulation of Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Organic Molecules

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            Universal rules and idiosyncratic features in tRNA identity.

            Correct expression of the genetic code at translation is directly correlated with tRNA identity. This survey describes the molecular signals in tRNAs that trigger specific aminoacylations. For most tRNAs, determinants are located at the two distal extremities: the anticodon loop and the amino acid accepting stem. In a few tRNAs, however, major identity signals are found in the core of the molecule. Identity elements have different strengths, often depend more on k cat effects than on K m effects and exhibit additive, cooperative or anti-cooperative interplay. Most determinants are in direct contact with cognate synthetases, and chemical groups on bases or ribose moieties that make functional interactions have been identified in several systems. Major determinants are conserved in evolution; however, the mechanisms by which they are expressed are species dependent. Recent studies show that alternate identity sets can be recognized by a single synthetase, and emphasize the importance of tRNA architecture and anti-determinants preventing false recognition. Identity rules apply to tRNA-like molecules and to minimalist tRNAs. Knowledge of these rules allows the manipulation of identity elements and engineering of tRNAs with switched, altered or multiple specificities.
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              Is there a discriminator site in transfer RNA?

              We determined the nature of the fourth nucleotide from the 3'-end of several Escherichia coli tRNAs, and tabulated these results with the same data for all known tRNA sequences. We find a striking constancy of the fourth nucleotide in tRNAs specific for a given amino acid. Furthermore, tRNAs specific for chemically related amino acids are very likely to have the same nucleotide at the fourth position. One possible explanation for these regularities is the "discriminator" hypothesis: The code by which tRNA is recognized by its cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is logically hierarchical, with the fourth nucleotide serving as a primary "discriminator" site to subdivide the tRNAs into groups for recognition purposes. Each such group could have its own recognition code, or could be further subdivided by a secondary discriminator site. According to this hypothesis, chemically similar amino acids have the same discriminator nucleotide because they evolved from a single set of related amino acids indistinguishable to a primitive system. There are other possible explanations for the observed regularities at the fourth nucleotide. For example, it is conceivable that the position is used for a direct physical interaction with the amino acid in the charging process, and chemically similar amino acids naturally select the same nucleotide. Further experiments can be expected to clarify this question.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcq
                Revista Colombiana de Química
                Rev.Colomb.Quim.
                Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0120-2804
                2357-3791
                April 2008
                : 37
                : 1
                : 31-44
                Affiliations
                [01] Bogotá, D. C. orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias orgdiv2Departamento de Química Colombia eedazac@ 123456unal.edu.co
                Article
                S0120-28042008000100003 S0120-2804(08)03700103
                eff8396a-28a2-4c2f-9247-56b6354c15f3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 April 2008
                : 04 December 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Aticulos originales de investigación

                tallo aceptor del tARN,local charge descriptors,partial charges,charge distribution,identity elements,aminoacylation,discriminator base,tRNA acceptor stem,descritores locais de carga,cargas parciais,distribuição de carga,elementos de identidade,aminoacilação,base diferenciadora,Talo aceitador tRNA,descriptores locales de carga,cargas parciales,distribución de carga,elementos de identidad,aminoacilación

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