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      Rose Parade Seismology: Signatures of Floats and Bands on Optical Fiber

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          Abstract

          The 2020 Rose Parade in Pasadena, California, was recorded by the Pasadena distributed acoustic sensing array, which utilizes the underground telecom fiber optic cables as sensors. The floats and bands generate remarkable broadband seismic signatures that can be captured at meters’ resolution.

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          Dynamic strain determination using fibre-optic cables allows imaging of seismological and structural features

          Philippe Jousset, Thomas Reinsch, Trond Ryberg … (2018)
          Natural hazard prediction and efficient crust exploration require dense seismic observations both in time and space. Seismological techniques provide ground-motion data, whose accuracy depends on sensor characteristics and spatial distribution. Here we demonstrate that dynamic strain determination is possible with conventional fibre-optic cables deployed for telecommunication. Extending recently distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) studies, we present high resolution spatially un-aliased broadband strain data. We recorded seismic signals from natural and man-made sources with 4-m spacing along a 15-km-long fibre-optic cable layout on Reykjanes Peninsula, SW-Iceland. We identify with unprecedented resolution structural features such as normal faults and volcanic dykes in the Reykjanes Oblique Rift, allowing us to infer new dynamic fault processes. Conventional seismometer recordings, acquired simultaneously, validate the spectral amplitude DAS response between 0.1 and 100 Hz bandwidth. We suggest that the networks of fibre-optic telecommunication lines worldwide could be used as seismometers opening a new window for Earth hazard assessment and exploration.
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            An Introduction to Distributed Optical Fibre Sensors

            Arthur Hartog (2017)
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              Distributed Acoustic Sensing Turns Fiber‐Optic Cables into Sensitive Seismic Antennas

              Zhongwen Zhan (2019)
              Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a new, relatively inexpensive technology that is rapidly demonstrating its promise for recording earthquake waves and other seismic signals in a wide range of research and public safety arenas. It should significantly augment present seismic networks. For several important applications, it should be superior. It employs ordinary fiber‐optic cables, but not as channels for data among separate sophisticated instruments. With DAS, the hair‐thin glass fibers themselves are the sensors. Internal natural flaws serve as seismic strainmeters, kinds of seismic detector. Unused or dark fibers are common in fiber cables widespread around the globe, or in dedicated cables designed for special application, are appropriate for DAS. They can sample passing seismic waves at locations every few meters or closer along paths stretching for tens of kilometers. DAS arrays should enrich the three major areas of local and regional seismology: earthquake monitoring, imaging of faults and many other geologic formations, and hazard assessment. Recent laboratory and field results from DAS tests underscore its broad bandwidth and high‐waveform fidelity. Thus, while still in its infancy, DAS already has shown itself as the working heart—or perhaps ear drums—of a valuable new seismic listening tool. My colleagues and I expect rapid growth of applications. We further expect it to spread into such frontiers as ocean‐bottom seismology, glacial and related cryoseismology, and seismology on other solar system bodies.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Seismological Research Letters
                Publisher: Seismological Society of America (SSA)
                ISSN (Print): 0895-0695
                ISSN (Electronic): 1938-2057
                Publication date Created: May 06 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): May 06 2020
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.
                [2 ]OptaSense Inc., Brea, California, U.S.A.
                [3 ]Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, Polytechnic School, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
                [4 ]Instituto de Óptica, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
                Article
                DOI: 10.1785/0220200091
                SO-VID: ed87eacc-805d-4834-aca0-3300ccc65d01
                Copyright © © 2020
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