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      The effect of subjective sleep latency on BMI of medical interns during and before COVID-19 pandemic

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          Longer subjective sleep latency and eveningness chronotype are associated with higher BMI. Moreover, COVID-19 lockdown changes have been associated with increased BMI. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subjective sleep parameters on BMI of medical interns during and before COVID-19 pandemic.

          Material and Methods

          This cross-sectional study was performed among medical interns. Bedtime, sleep latency, waking time, sleep duration, and reduced morningness-eveningness scores were evaluated.

          Results

          There was significant difference between bedtime before (00:11±50) and during (01:10±85) the pandemic in females (p<0.001). The mean circadian score before and during the pandemic showed significant decrease in females (p=0.011). The correlation between BMI with subjective sleep latency in females before and during the pandemic ((r=0.439, p=0.017), (r=0.422, p=0.014)) was significant.

          Conclusion

          COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a change toward nocturnal life among female medical interns. Subjective sleep latency was significantly correlated with BMI in females.

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          Most cited references28

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          The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence

          Samantha K. Brooks, Rebecca K Webster, Louise E. Smith … (2022)
          Summary The December, 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak has seen many countries ask people who have potentially come into contact with the infection to isolate themselves at home or in a dedicated quarantine facility. Decisions on how to apply quarantine should be based on the best available evidence. We did a Review of the psychological impact of quarantine using three electronic databases. Of 3166 papers found, 24 are included in this Review. Most reviewed studies reported negative psychological effects including post-traumatic stress symptoms, confusion, and anger. Stressors included longer quarantine duration, infection fears, frustration, boredom, inadequate supplies, inadequate information, financial loss, and stigma. Some researchers have suggested long-lasting effects. In situations where quarantine is deemed necessary, officials should quarantine individuals for no longer than required, provide clear rationale for quarantine and information about protocols, and ensure sufficient supplies are provided. Appeals to altruism by reminding the public about the benefits of quarantine to wider society can be favourable.
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            A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms.

            J. A. HORNE, O. Ostberg (1976)
            An English language self-assessment Morningness-Eveningness questionnaire is presented and evaluated against individual differences in the circadian vatiation of oral temperature. 48 subjects falling into Morning, Evening and Intermediate type categories regularly took their temperature. Circadian peak time were identified from the smoothed temperature curves of each subject. Results showed that Morning types and a significantly earlier peak time than Evening types and tended to have a higher daytime temperature and lower post peak temperature. The Intermediate type had temperatures between those of the other groups. Although no significant differences in sleep lengths were found between the three types, Morning types retired and arose significantly earlier than Evening types. Whilst these time significatly correlated with peak time, the questionnaire showed a higher peak time correlation. Although sleep habits are an important déterminant of peak time there are other contibutory factors, and these appear to be partly covered by the questionnaire. Although the questionnaire appears to be valid, further evaluation using a wider subject population is required.
            Article 0 comments Cited 619 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy

              Nicola Cellini, Natale Canale, Giovanna Mioni … (2020)
              Abstract Italy is one of the major COVID‐19 hotspots. To reduce the spread of the infections and the pressure on Italian healthcare systems, since March 10, 2020, Italy has been under a total lockdown, forcing people into home confinement. Here we present data from 1,310 people living in the Italian territory (M age = 23.91 ± 3.60 years, 880 females, 501 workers, 809 university students), who completed an online survey from March 24 to March 28, 2020. In the survey, we asked participants to think about their use of digital media before going to bed, their sleep pattern and their subjective experience of time in the previous week (March 17–23, which was the second week of the lockdown) and up to the first week of February (February 3–10, before any restriction in any Italian area). During the lockdown, people increased the usage of digital media near bedtime, but this change did not affect sleep habits. Nevertheless, during home confinement, sleep timing markedly changed, with people going to bed and waking up later, and spending more time in bed, but, paradoxically, also reporting a lower sleep quality. The increase in sleep difficulties was stronger for people with a higher level of depression, anxiety and stress symptomatology, and associated with the feeling of elongation of time. Considering that the lockdown is likely to continue for weeks, research data are urgently needed to support decision making, to build public awareness and to provide timely and supportive psychosocial interventions.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Ehsan Bastanhagh: Role: MD
                Reza Erfanian: Role: MD
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sleep Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sleep Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ssci
                Title: Sleep Science
                Publisher: Brazilian Association of Sleep and Latin American Federation of Sleep
                ISSN (Print): 1984-0659
                ISSN (Electronic): 1984-0063
                Publication date (Print and electronic): Jan-Mar 2021
                Publication date (Print): Jan-Mar 2021
                Volume: 14
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 375-378
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
                [2 ] Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sleep Medicine Fellowship, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding author: Reza Erfanian E-mail: r_erfanian@ 123456sina.tums.ac.ir
                Article
                DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200112
                PMC ID: 8776259
                PubMed ID: 35087636
                SO-VID: e344da50-65a7-4035-89d3-6ab64a0e8a52
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 11 November 2020
                Date accepted : 10 February 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Short Communications

                Keywords: coronavirus infections,sleep latency,obesity
                Data availability:
                Keywords: coronavirus infections, sleep latency, obesity

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