Effect of interventions based on regular physical activity on weight management in adolescents: a systematic review and a meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

Physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for non-communicable diseases. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of educational interventions on promoting regular physical activity in adolescent weight management programs.

Methods

The relevant studies indexed in Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched using keywords namely “Physical Activity, Adolescent, Weight Management, Body Mass Index (BMI) , Randomized Controlled Trials, and Clinical Trial.” Up to the end of March 2020, two authors independently screened the papers, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the studies using Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool.

Results

Out of 12,944 initial studies, 14 met the inclusion criteria after screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts of the papers. The participants in these studies were aged between 6 and 18 years, and 13 studies included participants from both sexes. Moreover, eight of them were performed as a controlled clinical trial. The overall estimate of the difference showed that the interventions improved weight loss which is a statistically significant finding. The participants in the intervention group had a weight loss of 1.02 kg compared to the control group at a 95% confidence interval (− 4.794–0.222).

Conclusion

Published longitudinal data indicated that physical activity declines over the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Using the results of the study, policy-makers can design educational interventions using educational models and patterns.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020173869

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Most cited references 26

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Can physical activity ameliorate immunosenescence and thereby reduce age-related multi-morbidity?

Niharika A Duggal, Grace M. Niemiro, Stephen Harridge … (2019)

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Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD)

Ashley R Cooper, Anna Goodman, Angie S Page … (2015)

Background Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in youth have been reported to vary by sex, age, weight status and country. However, supporting data are often self-reported and/or do not encompass a wide range of ages or geographical locations. This study aimed to describe objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time patterns in youth. Methods The International Children’s Accelerometry Database (ICAD) consists of ActiGraph accelerometer data from 20 studies in ten countries, processed using common data reduction procedures. Analyses were conducted on 27,637 participants (2.8–18.4 years) who provided at least three days of valid accelerometer data. Linear regression was used to examine associations between age, sex, weight status, country and physical activity outcomes. Results Boys were less sedentary and more active than girls at all ages. After 5 years of age there was an average cross-sectional decrease of 4.2 % in total physical activity with each additional year of age, due mainly to lower levels of light-intensity physical activity and greater time spent sedentary. Physical activity did not differ by weight status in the youngest children, but from age seven onwards, overweight/obese participants were less active than their normal weight counterparts. Physical activity varied between samples from different countries, with a 15–20 % difference between the highest and lowest countries at age 9–10 and a 26–28 % difference at age 12–13. Conclusions Physical activity differed between samples from different countries, but the associations between demographic characteristics and physical activity were consistently observed. Further research is needed to explore environmental and sociocultural explanations for these differences. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-015-0274-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Change in physical activity from adolescence to early adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies

Kirsten Corder, Eleanor Winpenny, Rebecca Love … (2017)

Objective To systematically review and meta-analyse how physical activity (PA) changes from adolescence to early adulthood (13–30 years). Data sources Seven electronic databases were searched: Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, SCOPUS, ASSIA, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies English-language, longitudinal studies (from 01/1980 to 01/2017) assessing PA ≥twice, with the mean age of ≥1 measurement in adolescence (13–19 years) and ≥1 in young adulthood (16–30 years) were included. Where possible, data were converted to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) min/day, and meta-analyses were conducted between weighted mean differences (WMDs) in adolescence and adulthood. Heterogeneity was explored using meta-regression. Results Of 67 included studies, 49 were eligible for meta-analysis. PA was lower during adulthood than adolescence WMD (95% CI) −5.2 (−7.3 to –3.1) min/day MVPA over mean (SD) 3.4 (2.6) years; heterogeneity was high (I2 >99.0%), and no predictors explained this variation (all p>0.05). When we restricted analysis to studies with data for males (n=29) and females (n=30) separately, there were slightly larger declines in WMD (−6.5 (−10.6 to –2.3) and −5.5 (−8.4 to −2.6) min/day MVPA) (both I2 >99.0%). For studies with accelerometer data (n=9), the decline was −7.4 (−11.6 to –3.1) and longer follow-up indicated more of a decline in WMD (95% CI) (−1.9 (−3.6 to –0.2) min/day MVPA), explaining 27.0% of between-study variation. Of 18 studies not eligible for meta-analysis, nine statistically tested change over time: seven showed a decline and two showed no change. Conclusion PA declines modestly between adolescence and young adulthood. More objective longitudinal PA data (eg, accelerometry) over this transition would be valuable, as would investigating how PA change is associated with contemporaneous social transitions to better inform PA promotion interventions. Registration PROSPERO ref:CRD42015030114.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Azam Geravandi:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-7639

Geravandi_a88@yahoo.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Syst Rev

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Syst Rev

Title: Systematic Reviews

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2046-4053

Publication date (Electronic): 8 February 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 8 February 2021

Publication date Collection: 2021

Volume: 10

Electronic Location Identifier: 52

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.411950.8, ISNI 0000 0004 0611 9280, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Public health, School of Public health, , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, ; Hamadan, Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.411950.8, ISNI 0000 0004 0611 9280, Department of Public health, School of Public health and Research Center for Health Sciences, , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, ; Hamadan, Iran

[3 ]GRID grid.411950.8, ISNI 0000 0004 0611 9280, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, ; Hamadan, Iran

[4 ]GRID grid.411950.8, ISNI 0000 0004 0611 9280, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, ; Hamadan, Iran

[5 ]GRID grid.411950.8, ISNI 0000 0004 0611 9280, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, ; Hamadan, Iran

Author information

Azam Geravandi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-7639

Article

Publisher ID: 1602

DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01602-y

PMC ID: 7871535

PubMed ID: 33557946

SO-VID: e331176f-de1a-4bae-8414-d192ec29a37a

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 14 August 2020

Date accepted : 27 January 2021

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004697, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences;

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health

Keywords: physical activity,adolescent,weight management,meta-analysis

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health

Keywords: physical activity, adolescent, weight management, meta-analysis

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Effect of interventions based on regular physical activity on weight management in adolescents: a systematic review and a meta-analysis

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Most cited references 26

Can physical activity ameliorate immunosenescence and thereby reduce age-related multi-morbidity?

Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD)

Change in physical activity from adolescence to early adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies

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