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      Chitosan-CdS Quantum Dots Biohybrid for Highly Selective Interaction with Copper(II) Ions

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          Abstract

          Cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots (QDs) were homogeneously embedded into chitosan (CTS), denoted as CdS@CTS, via an in situ hydrothermal method. The intact structure of the synthesized materials was preserved using freeze-drying. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution TEM, scanning TEM, dispersive energy X-ray (EDX) for elemental analysis and mapping, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis, UV–vis spectroscopy, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The synthesis procedure offered CdS QDs of 1–7 nm (average particle size of 3.2 nm). The functional groups of CTS modulate the in situ growth of CdS QDs and prevent the agglomeration of CdS QDs, offering homogenous distribution inside CTS. CdS@CTS QDs can also be used for naked-eye detection of heavy metals with high selectivity toward copper (Cu 2+) ions. The mechanism of interactions between Cu 2+ ions and CdS@CTS QDs were further studied.

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          Semiconductor nanocrystals as fluorescent biological labels.

          Semiconductor nanocrystals were prepared for use as fluorescent probes in biological staining and diagnostics. Compared with conventional fluorophores, the nanocrystals have a narrow, tunable, symmetric emission spectrum and are photochemically stable. The advantages of the broad, continuous excitation spectrum were demonstrated in a dual-emission, single-excitation labeling experiment on mouse fibroblasts. These nanocrystal probes are thus complementary and in some cases may be superior to existing fluorophores.
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            Experimental Determination of the Extinction Coefficient of CdTe, CdSe, and CdS Nanocrystals

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              Selection of peptides with semiconductor binding specificity for directed nanocrystal assembly.

              In biological systems, organic molecules exert a remarkable level of control over the nucleation and mineral phase of inorganic materials such as calcium carbonate and silica, and over the assembly of crystallites and other nanoscale building blocks into complex structures required for biological function. This ability to direct the assembly of nanoscale components into controlled and sophisticated structures has motivated intense efforts to develop assembly methods that mimic or exploit the recognition capabilities and interactions found in biological systems. Of particular value would be methods that could be applied to materials with interesting electronic or optical properties, but natural evolution has not selected for interactions between biomolecules and such materials. However, peptides with limited selectivity for binding to metal surfaces and metal oxide surfaces have been successfully selected. Here we extend this approach and show that combinatorial phage-display libraries can be used to evolve peptides that bind to a range of semiconductor surfaces with high specificity, depending on the crystallographic orientation and composition of the structurally similar materials we have used. As electronic devices contain structurally related materials in close proximity, such peptides may find use for the controlled placement and assembly of a variety of practically important materials, thus broadening the scope for 'bottom-up' fabrication approaches.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ACS Omega
                ACS Omega
                ao
                acsodf
                ACS Omega
                American Chemical Society
                2470-1343
                07 June 2022
                21 June 2022
                : 7
                : 24
                : 21014-21024
                Affiliations
                []Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
                []Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Team, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment , Monastir 5019, Tunisia
                [§ ]Department of Chemistry, College of Science Al-zulfi, Majmaah University , Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
                []Department of Chemistry, Advanced Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Assiut University , Assiut 71575, Egypt
                []Nanotechnology Research Centre (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE) , Suez Desert Road, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3106-8302
                Article
                10.1021/acsomega.2c01793
                9347964
                35935289
                e29f5c84-c047-4233-a46c-c0772ce0fee7
                © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

                Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 24 March 2022
                : 17 May 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, doi 10.13039/501100002713;
                Award ID: RG-21-09-69
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                Custom metadata
                ao2c01793
                ao2c01793

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