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      Voter Decision Making in Election 2000: Campaign Effects, Partisan Activation, and the Clinton Legacy

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      American Journal of Political Science
      Wiley-Blackwell

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          Messages Received: The Political Impact of Media Exposure.

          Analyses of the persuasive effects of media exposure outside the laboratory have generally produced negative results. I attribute such nonfindings in part to carelessness regarding the inferential consequences of measurement error and in part to limitations of research design. In an analysis of opinion change during the 1980 presidential campaign, adjusting for measurement error produces several strong media exposure effects, especially for network television news. Adjusting for measurement error also makes preexisting opinions look much more stable, suggesting that the new information absorbed via media exposure must be about three times as distinctive as has generally been supposed in order to account for observed patterns of opinion change.
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            Why Are American Presidential Election Campaign Polls So Variable When Votes Are So Predictable?

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              Partisan Cues and the Media: Information Flows in the 1992 Presidential Election

              Electoral research acknowledges the growing significance of the mass media in contemporary campaigns, but scholars are divided on the nature of this influence. Using a unique database that includes both media content and public opinion, we examine the flow of partisan information from newspapers to the voters and assess the press's role in electoral politics and citizen learning. We find that the American press does not present clear and singular messages about presidential elections but, rather, multiple messages about the candidates and the campaign. In addition, perception of the information is shaped as much by an individual's political views as by the objective content. Despite the mixed messages, we find that a newspaper's editorial content is significantly related to candidate preferences in 1992. These results challenge the minimal effects interpretation of the media, because local newspapers can play a significant role in providing cues that influence voters' electoral calculus.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                American Journal of Political Science
                Am J Political Science
                Wiley-Blackwell
                0092-5853
                1540-5907
                October 2003
                October 2003
                : 47
                : 4
                : 583-596
                Article
                10.1111/1540-5907.00041
                d57345f5-e6cc-43a3-8743-864fab248cc0
                © 2003

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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