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      Covalent organic framework‐supported Pd nanoparticles: An efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions

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          Abstract

          A Schiff base hollow covalent organic framework (COF) was used for anchoring Pd(II) to synthesize the Pd@COF‐TB nanocatalyst. Then, the as‐synthesized Pd@COF‐TB catalyst has been meticulously characterized using several methods. Thereafter, the catalytic performance of the Pd@COF‐TB species regarding Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions was examined, and the corresponding products were obtained with good to excellent yields. Besides, the Pd@COF‐TB catalyst could be recovered conveniently and reused at least eight times without obvious decrease in activity and selectivity. More importantly, the leaching of Pd during the reaction process could be negligible, which is crucially important when preparing bioactive species.

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          Most cited references63

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          Porous, crystalline, covalent organic frameworks.

          Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been designed and successfully synthesized by condensation reactions of phenyl diboronic acid {C6H4[B(OH)2]2} and hexahydroxytriphenylene [C18H6(OH)6]. Powder x-ray diffraction studies of the highly crystalline products (C3H2BO)6.(C9H12)1 (COF-1) and C9H4BO2 (COF-5) revealed expanded porous graphitic layers that are either staggered (COF-1, P6(3)/mmc) or eclipsed (COF-5, P6/mmm). Their crystal structures are entirely held by strong bonds between B, C, and O atoms to form rigid porous architectures with pore sizes ranging from 7 to 27 angstroms. COF-1 and COF-5 exhibit high thermal stability (to temperatures up to 500 degrees to 600 degrees C), permanent porosity, and high surface areas (711 and 1590 square meters per gram, respectively).
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            Aryl-aryl bond formation by transition-metal-catalyzed direct arylation.

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              Applications of metal-organic frameworks in heterogeneous supramolecular catalysis.

              This review summarizes the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a versatile supramolecular platform to develop heterogeneous catalysts for a variety of organic reactions, especially for liquid-phase reactions. Following a background introduction about catalytic relevance to various metal-organic materials, crystal engineering of MOFs, characterization and evaluation methods of MOF catalysis, we categorize catalytic MOFs based on the types of active sites, including coordinatively unsaturated metal sites (CUMs), metalloligands, functional organic sites (FOS), as well as metal nanoparticles (MNPs) embedded in the cavities. Throughout the review, we emphasize the incidental or deliberate formation of active sites, the stability, heterogeneity and shape/size selectivity for MOF catalysis. Finally, we briefly introduce their relevance into photo- and biomimetic catalysis, and compare MOFs with other typical porous solids such as zeolites and mesoporous silica with regard to their different attributes, and provide our view on future trends and developments in MOF-based catalysis.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Applied Organometallic Chemistry
                Applied Organom Chemis
                Wiley
                0268-2605
                1099-0739
                May 2022
                February 28 2022
                May 2022
                : 36
                : 5
                Affiliations
                [1 ] College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
                [2 ] Institute of Zhejiang University – Quzhou Zhejiang University Quzhou China
                [3 ] School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
                Article
                10.1002/aoc.6642
                d3e5e044-d1a2-4a40-bc4d-66231a94d33d
                © 2022

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

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