The relationship between workplace psychosocial environment and retirement intentions and actual retirement: a systematic review

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Abstract

Psychosocial work characteristics are potential determinants of retirement intentions and actual retirement. A systematic review was conducted of the influence of psychosocial work characteristics on retirement intentions and actual retirement among the general population. This did not include people who were known to be ill or receiving disability pension. Relevant papers were identified by a search of PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases to December 2016. We included longitudinal and cross-sectional papers that assessed psychosocial work characteristics in relation to retirement intentions or actual retirement. Papers were filtered by title and abstract before data extraction was performed on full texts using a predetermined extraction sheet. Forty-six papers contained relevant evidence. High job satisfaction and high job control were associated with later retirement intentions and actual retirement. No consistent evidence was found for an association of job demands with retirement intentions or actual retirement. We conclude that to extend working lives policies should increase the job control available to older employees.

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Most cited references 34

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Quality of work, well-being, and intended early retirement of older employees: baseline results from the SHARE Study.

Johannes Siegrist, Morten Wahrendorf, Olaf von dem Knesebeck … (2007)

Given the challenge of a high proportion of older employees who retire early from work we analyse associations of indicators of a poor psychosocial quality of work with intended premature departure from work in a large sample of older male and female employees in 10 European countries. Baseline data from the 'Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe' (SHARE) were obtained from 3523 men and 3318 women in 10 European countries. Data on intended early retirement, four measures of well-being (self-rated health, depressive symptoms, general symptom load, and quality of life), and quality of work (effort-reward imbalance; low control at work) were obtained from structured interviews and questionnaires. Country-specific and total samples are analysed, using logistic regression analysis. Poor quality of work is significantly associated with intended early retirement. After adjustment for well-being odds ratios (OR) of effort-reward imbalance [OR 1.72 (1.43-2.08)] and low control at work [OR 1.51 (1.27-1.80)] on intended early retirement are observed. Poor quality of work and reduced well-being are independently associated with the intention to retire from work. The consistent association of a poor psychosocial quality of work with intended early retirement among older employees across all European countries under study calls for improved investments into better quality of work, in particular increased control and an appropriate balance between efforts spent and rewards received at work.

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Self-reported job insecurity and health in the Whitehall II study: potential explanations of the relationship.

Jane Ferrie, Martin J. Shipley, Katherine Newman … (2005)

This paper examines the potential of demographic, personal, material and behavioural characteristics, other psychosocial features of the work environment and job satisfaction to explain associations between self-reported job insecurity and health in a longitudinal study of British white-collar civil servants. Strong associations were found between self-reported job insecurity and both poor self-rated health and minor psychiatric morbidity. After adjustment for age, employment grade and health during a prior phase of secure employment, pessimism, heightened vigilance, primary deprivation, financial security, social support and job satisfaction explained 68% of the association between job insecurity and self-rated health in women, and 36% in men. With the addition of job control, these factors explained 60% of the association between job insecurity and minor psychiatric morbidity, and just over 80% of the association with depression in both sexes.

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The psychosocial and health effects of workplace reorganisation. 2. A systematic review of task restructuring interventions.

Clare Bambra, Matt Egan, Sian Thomas … (2007)

To systematically review the health and psychosocial effects (with reference to the demand-control-support model) of changes to the work environment brought about by task structure work reorganisation, and to determine whether those effects differ for different socioeconomic groups. Systematic review (QUORUM) of experimental and quasi-experimental studies (any language) reporting health and psychosocial effects of such interventions. Seventeen electronic databases (medical, social science and economic), bibliographies and expert contacts. Nineteen studies were reviewed. Some task-restructuring interventions failed to alter the psychosocial work environment significantly, and so could not be expected to have a measurable effect on health. Those that increased demand and decreased control tended to have an adverse effect on health, while those that decreased demand and increased control resulted in improved health, although some effects were minimal. Increases in workplace support did not appear to mediate this relationship. This systematic review suggests that task-restructuring interventions that increase demand or decrease control adversely affect the health of employees, in line with observational research. It lends support to policy initiatives such as the recently enforced EU directive on participation at work, which aims to increase job control and autonomy.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Stephen A. Stansfeld:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-3897

00 44 207 882 2031 , s.a.stansfeld@qmul.ac.uk

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Eur J Ageing

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Eur J Ageing

Title: European Journal of Ageing

Publisher: Springer Netherlands (Dordrecht )

ISSN (Print): 1613-9372

ISSN (Electronic): 1613-9380

Publication date (Electronic): 19 April 2018

Publication date PMC-release: 19 April 2018

Publication date Collection: March 2019

Volume: 16

Issue: 1

Pages: 73-82

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2171 1133, GRID grid.4868.2, Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, , Queen Mary University of London, ; Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6 BQ UK

[2 ]ISNI 0000000121901201, GRID grid.83440.3b, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, , University College London, ; 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB UK

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2322 6764, GRID grid.13097.3c, Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, , King’s College London, ; London, SE5 8AF UK

Author notes

Responsible editor: D.J.H. Deeg.

Author information

Stephen A. Stansfeld http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-3897

Article

Publisher ID: 473

DOI: 10.1007/s10433-018-0473-4

PMC ID: 6397102

PubMed ID: 30886562

SO-VID: cec1a10f-9f13-4319-90c0-8ffeeb7b6eec

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000269, Economic and Social Research Council;

Award ID: ES/L002892/1

Award Recipient : Peter Browne

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007602, Programme Grants for Applied Research;

Award ID: North Thames CLAHRC

Award Recipient : Peter Browne

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Geriatric medicine

Keywords: psychosocial work characteristics,systematic review,retirement behaviour,retirement intentions

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Geriatric medicine

Keywords: psychosocial work characteristics, systematic review, retirement behaviour, retirement intentions

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The relationship between workplace psychosocial environment and retirement intentions and actual retirement: a systematic review

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Most cited references 34

Quality of work, well-being, and intended early retirement of older employees: baseline results from the SHARE Study.

Self-reported job insecurity and health in the Whitehall II study: potential explanations of the relationship.

The psychosocial and health effects of workplace reorganisation. 2. A systematic review of task restructuring interventions.

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