AttGRU-HMSI: enhancing heart disease diagnosis using hybrid deep learning approach

Abstract

Heart disease is a major global cause of mortality and a major public health problem for a large number of individuals. A major issue raised by regular clinical data analysis is the recognition of cardiovascular illnesses, including heart attacks and coronary artery disease, even though early identification of heart disease can save many lives. Accurate forecasting and decision assistance may be achieved in an effective manner with machine learning (ML). Big Data, or the vast amounts of data generated by the health sector, may assist models used to make diagnostic choices by revealing hidden information or intricate patterns. This paper uses a hybrid deep learning algorithm to describe a large data analysis and visualization approach for heart disease detection. The proposed approach is intended for use with big data systems, such as Apache Hadoop. An extensive medical data collection is first subjected to an improved k-means clustering (IKC) method to remove outliers, and the remaining class distribution is then balanced using the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE). The next step is to forecast the disease using a bio-inspired hybrid mutation-based swarm intelligence (HMSI) with an attention-based gated recurrent unit network (AttGRU) model after recursive feature elimination (RFE) has determined which features are most important. In our implementation, we compare four machine learning algorithms: SAE + ANN (sparse autoencoder + artificial neural network), LR (logistic regression), KNN (K-nearest neighbour), and naïve Bayes. The experiment results indicate that a 95.42% accuracy rate for the hybrid model's suggested heart disease prediction is attained, which effectively outperforms and overcomes the prescribed research gap in mentioned related work.