The Gender Gap in the Diagnostic-Therapeutic Journey of the Infertile Couple

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Abstract

Medical procreation impairs both the biological and psychological lives of couples. However, male and female attitudes to infertility are different and require a different approach during the IVF journey. Thus, the gender impact assessment (GIA) method was used to analyse original studies present in the literature. We found some gender-related differences and, subsequently, possible outcomes of intervention to improve healthy reproduction management and prevent infertility. In particular, it became apparent that there was the need for an in-depth male infertility assessment and a gender-specific follow-up.

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Infertility around the globe: new thinking on gender, reproductive technologies and global movements in the 21st century.

Marcia C. Inhorn, Pasquale Patrizio (2024)

Infertility is estimated to affect as many as 186 million people worldwide. Although male infertility contributes to more than half of all cases of global childlessness, infertility remains a woman's social burden. Unfortunately, areas of the world with the highest rates of infertility are often those with poor access to assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). In such settings, women may be abandoned to their childless destinies. However, emerging data suggest that making ART accessible and affordable is an important gender intervention. To that end, this article presents an overview of what we know about global infertility, ART and changing gender relations, posing five key questions: (i) why is infertility an ongoing global reproductive health problem? (ii) What are the gender effects of infertility, and are they changing over time? (iii) What do we know about the globalization of ART to resource-poor settings? (iv) How are new global initiatives attempting to improve access to IVF? (v) Finally, what can be done to overcome infertility, help the infertile and enhance low-cost IVF (LCIVF) activism?

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Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: a Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and anti- racist politics

K Crenshaw, K CRENSHAW, K. Crenshaw … (1989)

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The Fertility Problem Inventory: measuring perceived infertility-related stress.

Christopher R. Newton, Wendy Sherrard, Irene Glavac (1999)

To develop a reliable, valid instrument to evaluate perceived infertility-related stress. Prospective study. University-affiliated teaching hospital. Consecutively referred patients (1,153 women and 1,149 men) seen for infertility treatment. None. Participants' infertility-related stress was assessed by written questionnaire using the Fertility Problem Inventory. Current levels of anxiety, depression, and marital satisfaction also were determined. Women described greater global stress than men and higher specific stress in terms of social concerns, sexual concerns, and need for parenthood. Both men and women facing male infertility reported higher global stress and more social and sexual concerns than men and women experiencing female infertility. Social, sexual, and relationship concerns related to infertility were more effective predictors of depression and marital dissatisfaction than expressed needs for parenthood or attitudes toward child-free living. The Fertility Problem Inventory provides a reliable measure of perceived infertility-related stress and specific information on five separate domains of patient concern. Patterns of infertility-related stress differed depending on gender, fertility history, and infertility diagnosis. Among patients receiving treatment, social, sexual, and relationship concerns appear central to current distress. Counseling interventions that target these domains appear likely to offer maximal therapeutic benefit.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Linda G. Kahn: Role: Academic Editor

Woo-Sung Kwon: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Environ Res Public Health

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Environ Res Public Health

Journal ID (publisher-id): ijerph

Title: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Print): 1661-7827

ISSN (Electronic): 1660-4601

Publication date (Electronic): 08 June 2021

Publication date Collection: June 2021

Volume: 18

Issue: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: 6184

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, IVF UNIT, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; ggullo1982@ 123456gmail.com (G.G.); gaspare.cucinella@ 123456unipa.it (G.C.); antonio.perino@ 123456unipa.it (A.P.); mariannamaranto@ 123456libero.it (M.M.)

[2 ]Technical Panel on Gender Medicine-Sicily Regional Health Service, 90143 Palermo, Italy; mimmogullo@ 123456libero.it (D.G.); daniela.segreto@ 123456regione.sicilia.it (D.S.); piernicolagarofalo16@ 123456gmail.com (P.G.)

[3 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; antoniosimone.lagana@ 123456uninsubria.it

[4 ]Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova Hospital, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy

[5 ]Psychology Unit, Andros Day Surgery Clinic-Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; zairadn@ 123456libero.it

[6 ]Reproductive Medicine Unit, Andros Day Surgery Clinic-Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; angelo.marino@ 123456clinicaandros.it (A.M.); adolfo.allegra@ 123456clinicaandros.it (A.A.)

[7 ]Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; andrea88.carosso@ 123456gmail.com

[8 ]Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; tomaiuolo.rossella@ 123456hsr.it

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: giovanni.buzzaccarini@ 123456gmail.com

Author information

Giuseppe Gullo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-4269

Antonio Simone Laganà https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-2802

Giovanni Buzzaccarini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-0178

Zaira Donarelli https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-1658

Marianna Maranto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9159-2691

Andrea Roberto Carosso https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-4499

Rossella Tomaiuolo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-782X

Article

Publisher ID: ijerph-18-06184

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126184

PMC ID: 8227607

PubMed ID: 34201025

SO-VID: cdc2abda-a8b8-4bcf-a9a4-c973d6b04039

License:

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

The Gender Gap in the Diagnostic-Therapeutic Journey of the Infertile Couple

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Global Health Next Generation Network

Most cited references 61

Infertility around the globe: new thinking on gender, reproductive technologies and global movements in the 21st century.

Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: a Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and anti- racist politics

The Fertility Problem Inventory: measuring perceived infertility-related stress.

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