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      PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON TACTILE SENSITIVITY IN THE HANDS OF A BRAZILIAN POPULATION USING THE PRESSURE-SPECIFIED SENSORY DEVICE

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          Abstract

          Objective: To evaluate the pressure perception thresholds on the pulp of two fingers (index and little fingers), among a Brazilian population with no nerve injury or neuropathy. Methods: We used the Pressure-Specified Sensory Device (a computerized device) to derive static and dynamic normal pressure perception thresholds and two-point discrimination distances. Results: We tested finger sensitivity on 30 volunteers. Significance analyses were performed using the Student t test. The mean values (g/mm 2) for static one and two-point pressure thresholds (s1PD, s2PD) and dynamic one and two-point discrimination (m1PD, m2PD) in the dominant index finger were: s1PD = 0.4, m1PD = 0.4, s2PD = 0.48, m2PD = 0.51. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in sensitivity between the dominant and nondominant hands.

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          Objective methods for determining the functional value of sensibility in the hand.

          E Moberg (1958)
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            THE FINE STRUCTURE OF MEISSNER's TOUCH CORPUSCLES OF HUMAN FINGERS

            Nikolajs Cauna, Leonard Ross (1960)
            Thin slices of the finger pads of six individuals were fixed in buffered 1 per cent osmic acid, embedded in deaerated, nitrogenated methacrylate, and cut into thin sections for electron microscopic study. Before embedding, the slices were trimmed so as to include several digital tactile corpuscles. Some thin sections were stained in 10 per cent aqueous phosphotungstic acid solution. The principal part of Meissner's corpuscle is made up of flattened laminar cells stretching across the corpuscle in irregular layers. The perinuclear cytoplasm of these cells contains numerous small mitochondria, a sparse granular endoplasmic reticulum, and a large number of small vesicles. Nerve fibers enter the side or base of the corpuscle, lose their myelin sheaths, and follow a meandering course between the laminar cell plates. The nerve endings enter into a close appositional relationship with the flattened portions of the laminar cells. In some areas the apposed axolemma and cell membranes are slightly thickened with small vesicles located along the cell membrane or on both surfaces. These regions are interpreted as synapses. The most prominent feature of the nerve endings is an extraordinary accumulation of small mitochondria which vary in size and internal density. The nerve endings also contain vacuoles, groups of dense concentric membranes, and small dense vesicles of irregular distribution. The laminar cells are separated from one another by a dense intercellular substance of uniform thickness which also envelops the entire corpuscle. This material contains randomly oriented collagen fibers and fine fibrils bound together by a dense material at nodal points recurring at regular intervals of approximately 120 mµ. These findings are discussed in relation to the problems of the function of Meissner's corpuscle, neural material loss and replacement, and the presence of synapses.
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              Normative vibrotactile thresholds measured at five European test centres.

              M. Griffin, Christopher Lindsell (2003)
              To compare vibrotactile thresholds between five international test centres, to determine causes of variability, and to provide normative data for use by health professionals. Vibrotactile thresholds were measured on various fingers in 1,008 subjects at 31.5 Hz (2,531 measurements) and at 125 Hz (2,807 measurements). Three centres used the up-and-down method of limits, rate of change of stimulus 3dB/s, to obtain vibrotactile thresholds. The push force on the surround was 2 N, the probe contact force was 1 N and the probe diameter was 6 mm concentric to a 10-mm diameter hole in the surround. One centre used an up-and-down method of limits with a 5-dB step and a 1.26-mm diameter probe with no surround. Another centre used a stepping algorithm, no surround, and the force on the 6-mm-diameter probe was unspecified. The 31.5-Hz thresholds and 125-Hz thresholds, expressed in dB, were similar between centres using similar methods. There were small (<5 dB) differences in vibrotactile thresholds between male and female subjects, between white-collar and blue-collar workers and between fingers. Both 31.5-Hz and 125-Hz thresholds increased with age; the mean effect of age on 31.5-Hz thresholds was approximately 2 dB over 25 years, while the effect of age on 125 Hz-thresholds was as high as 10 dB over 25 years. Vibrotactile thresholds are influenced by measurement method but can be similar at different centres if similar methods are used. Effects of measurement location and gender are often negligible. Thresholds depend on age, but over the range of ages considered, only the effect on 125-Hz thresholds is sufficient for correction; methods of correcting for age are given. These normative data may be used to assist the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy involving vibrotactile sensation.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Francisco Tustumi
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Rev Bras Ortop
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Rev Bras Ortop
                Title: Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2255-4971
                Publication date PMC-release: 06 December 2015
                Publication date Collection: May-Jun 2012
                Publication date (Electronic): 06 December 2015
                Volume: 47
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 344-347
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Undergraduate Medical Student at the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
                [2 ]MSc in Plastic Surgery from FMUSP. Attending Physician in the Hand and Microsurgery Group, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
                [3 ]Titular Professor of FMUSP; Academic Head of the Discipline of Plastic Surgery and Head of the Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: Rua Alves Guimarães 733, ap. 22, 05410-001 São Paulo, SP, BrazilCorrespondence: Rua Alves Guimarães 733ap. 22São PauloSP05410-001Brazil franciscotustumi@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2255-4971(15)30109-9
                DOI: 10.1016/S2255-4971(15)30109-9
                PMC ID: 4799424
                PubMed ID: 27042644
                SO-VID: cb31a8a6-a66b-418e-9499-544cdac4f0e7
                Copyright © © 2012 Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 9 May 2011
                Date accepted : 26 August 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                Keywords: touch perception,median neuropathy,ulnar neuropathies
                Data availability:
                Keywords: touch perception, median neuropathy, ulnar neuropathies

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