Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is associated with decreased serum 25(OH)D concentration in non-cirrhotic patients

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Abstract

Aim of the study

Recent reports provide evidence for the immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D. Decreased vitamin D levels may contribute to the progression of liver disease in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aims to assess serum 25(OH)D in patients with chronic HBeAg-negative HBV (CHB) infection at different phases of disease.

Material and methods

Fifty-eighty patients with CHB, 10 with a history of HBsAg/anti-HBs seroconversion, were enrolled. The control group consisted of 9 healthy volunteers. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was assessed by ELISA.

Results

Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in the CHB group in comparison to the HC group. It did not differ across the consecutive phases of the HBeAg-negative HBV infection. Negative correlations between serum 25(OH)D and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as well as frequency of peripheral blood monocytes were observed. Serum 25(OH)D in samples collected in winter was significantly lower in comparison to the pool of samples collected in the summer. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with the phases of HBV-infection, HBV viral load, APRI or liver histology.

Conclusions

Serum 25(OH)D is significantly decreased in HBV infection irrespectively of the phase of the infection and negatively correlates with serum ALT level, which may reflect the deterioration of liver function. Based on our results, we can conclude that the role of vitamin D in the immune control of HBV infection is probably irrelevant.

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Most cited references 14

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From vitamin D to hormone D: fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system essential for good health.

Anthony W Norman (2008)

New knowledge of the biological and clinical importance of the steroid hormone 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)] and its receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR), has resulted in significant contributions to good bone health. However, worldwide reports have highlighted a variety of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency diseases. Despite many publications and scientific meetings reporting advances in vitamin D science, a disturbing realization is growing that the newer scientific and clinical knowledge is not being translated into better human health. Over the past several decades, the biological sphere of influence of vitamin D(3), as defined by the tissue distribution of the VDR, has broadened at least 9-fold from the target organs required for calcium homeostasis (intestine, bone, kidney, and parathyroid). Now, research has shown that the pluripotent steroid hormone 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) initiates the physiologic responses of >/=36 cell types that possess the VDR. In addition to the kidney's endocrine production of circulating 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3,) researchers have found a paracrine production of this steroid hormone in >/=10 extrarenal organs. This article identifies the fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system, including its potential for contributions to good health in 5 physiologic arenas in which investigators have clearly documented new biological actions of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) through the VDR. As a consequence, the nutritional guidelines for vitamin D(3) intake (defined by serum hydroxyvitamin D(3) concentrations) should be reevaluated, taking into account the contributions to good health that all 36 VDR target organs can provide.

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Vitamin D Supplementation Guidelines for General Population and Groups at Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency in Poland—Recommendations of the Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes and the Expert Panel With Participation of National Specialist Consultants and Representatives of Scientific Societies—2018 Update

Agnieszka Rusińska, Paweł Płudowski, Mieczysław Walczak … (2018)

Introduction Vitamin D deficiency is an important public health problem worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency confers a significant risk for both skeletal and non-skeletal disorders and a number of lifelong negative health outcomes. The objectives of this evidence-based guidelines document are to provide health care professionals in Poland, an updated recommendation for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency. Methods A systematic literature search examining the prevention and treatment strategies for vitamin D deficiency was conducted. Updated recommendations were developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system describing the strength of the recommendation and the quality of supporting evidence. Twenty-seven contributors representing different areas of expertise and medical specialties, including pediatricians, geriatricians, endocrinologists, epidemiologists, nephrologists, gynecologists and obstetricians evaluated the available published evidence related to vitamin D, formulated the goals of this document and developed a common consolidated position. The consensus group, representing six national specialist consultants and eight Polish and international scientific organizations/societies, participated in the process of grading evidence and drawing up the general and specific recommendations. Results The updated recommendations define the diagnostic criteria for the evaluation of vitamin D status and describe the prevention and treatment strategies of vitamin D deficiency in the general population and in groups at increased risk of the deficiency. Age- and weight-specific recommendations for prevention, supplementation and treatment of vitamin D deficiency are presented, and detailed practice guidance is discussed regarding the management in primary and specialized health care. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency remains still highly prevalent in Poland, in all age groups. Currently, there is a great necessity to implement a regular supplementation with recommended doses and to develop an effective strategy to alleviate vitamin D deficiency in the population. These updated recommendations are addressed to health professionals and the authorities pursuing comprehensive health policies and should also be included in public health programs aimed at preventing a broad spectrum of chronic diseases.

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Vitamin D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): is it more than just an association?

Ryan M Kwok, Dawn M Torres, Stephen Harrison (2013)

Vitamin D is a secosteroid with known effects on calcium homeostasis that has recently been shown to have other significant functions regarding immune modulation, cell differentiation and proliferation, and the inflammatory response. As our understanding of the many functions of vitamin D has grown, the presence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has become more evident in Western populations. Concomitantly, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease. NAFLD and VDD are often found together, and while this is not unexpected, given their similar associations with obesity and sedentary lifestyle, a growing body of evidence points to a closely linked and potentially causative relationship between VDD and NAFLD. The epidemiologic association between VDD and NAFLD as well as the role of VDD in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the available evidence on the clinical utility of vitamin D replacement in NAFLD populations are discussed.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Clin Exp Hepatol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Clin Exp Hepatol

Journal ID (publisher-id): CEH

Title: Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

Publisher: Termedia Publishing House

ISSN (Print): 2392-1099

ISSN (Electronic): 2449-8238

Publication date (Electronic): 20 February 2019

Publication date (Print): March 2019

Volume: 5

Issue: 1

Pages: 75-80

Affiliations

[1 ]Medical University of Bialystok, Poland

[2 ]Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

Author notes

Address for correspondence Dr Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, 14 Zurawia St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland. phone/fax: +48 85 74 16 921. e-mail: anna.parfieniuk@ 123456umb.edu.pl

Article

Publisher ID: 83160

DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2019.83160

PMC ID: 6431090

SO-VID: c49102ca-a833-467e-815e-45339a49d7ce

License:

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is associated with decreased serum 25(OH)D concentration in non-cirrhotic patients

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Abstract

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Decoding Infection and Transmission

Most cited references 14

From vitamin D to hormone D: fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system essential for good health.

Vitamin D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): is it more than just an association?

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