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      Detección de Salmonella spp. en melón Cantaloupe en unidades de producción y unidad de empaque Translated title: Detection of Salmonella spp. on Cantaloupe melon production units and packaging facility

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          Abstract

          El melón Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) grupo reticulatus precortado, proveniente del estado de Guerrero, México, se ha asociado con brotes de salmonelosis en Estados Unidos de América y Canadá, por lo que las exportaciones de melón, a estos países, se suspendieron en 2001. En este trabajo se evaluó la condición sanitaria del melón Cantaloupe, con la detección e identificación de Salmonella, en dos unidades de producción y una unidad de empaque en Zirándaro de los Chávez, Guerrero. Se analizaron 100 melones Cantaloupe (50 de las unidades de producción y 50 de la unidad de empaque), recolectados en enero y abril de 2005, mediante métodos bacteriológicos convencionales y el crecimiento en medios selectivos para la detección de Salmonella, como indicador de contaminación fecal. La proporción de melones con presencia de Salmonella spp. fue 4%, en una de las unidades de producción y 20% en la unidad de empaque. Salmonella se detectó en frutos irrigados con agua de río filtrada pero no clorada y manejados por trabajadores con poca higiene. En pruebas de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), dos de seis cepas presuntivas de Salmonella dieron amplificaciones positivas con el par de iniciadores Sal-3 y Sal-4 e invA-1 e invA-2; de las otras cuatro, solo dieron amplificación positiva con invA-1 e invA-2. Estos resultados sugieren que en la región de Zirándaro de los Chávez se tiene más de un serotipo de Salmonella y evidencian la importancia de implementar programas preventivos para asegurar la calidad sanitaria del melón Cantaloupe.

          Translated abstract

          Fresh Cantaloupe melons (Cucumis melo L.) group reticulatus coming from the state of Guerrero, Mexico, have been associated with outbreaks of salmonellosis in the United States of America and Canada. These countries suspended the importations of Cantaloupe melon from Mexico due to the outbreaks in 2001. This study evaluated the food safety quality of Cantaloupe melon, with the detection and identification of Salmonella in two production units and a packing facility unit in Zirándaro de los Chávez, Guerrero. 100 Cantaloupe melons (50 of the production units and 50 of the packaging unit), collected in January and April 2005, were analyzed by conventional bacteriological methods and growth in selective media for detection of Salmonella, as an indicator of fecal contamination. The proportion of melons with presence of Salmonella was 4%, in one of the field production units and 20% in the packing unit. Salmonella was detected in fruits irrigated with filtered but not chlorinated river water and handled by workers with poor hygiene. Characterization by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) demonstrated that, two of six strains of presumptive Salmonella gave positive amplifications with the pair of primers Sal-3 and Sal-4 as with invA-1and invA-2. For four other isolates only two were observed with invA-1 and invA-2. These results suggest that in the region of Zirándaro de los Chávez there are more than one serotype of Salmonella, and demonstrate the importance of implementing prevention programs to ensure the sanitary quality of Cantaloupe melon.

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          Most cited references43

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          Inhibition and facilitation of nucleic acid amplification.

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            Pathogenic Microorganisms Associated with Fresh Produce

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              Amplification of an invA gene sequence of Salmonella typhimurium by polymerase chain reaction as a specific method of detection of Salmonella.

              Amplification of nucleotide sequences within the invA gene of Salmonella typhimurium was evaluated as a means of detecting Salmonella. A collection of 630 strains of Salmonella comprising over 100 serovars, including the 20 most prevalent serovars isolated from animals and humans in Canada, was examined. Controls consisted of 142 non-Salmonella strains comprising 21 genera of bacteria. Cultures were screened by inoculating a single colony of bacteria directly into a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mixture which contained a pair of primers specific for the invA gene. The specific PCR product was a 284 bp DNA fragment which was visualized in 2% agarose gels. With the exception of two S. litchfield and two S. senftenberg strains, all Salmonella strains were detected. In contrast, none of the non-Salmonella strains yielded the specific amplification product. Non-specific amplification of a few non-Salmonella strains resulted in a product that was distinctly different in size from the specific 284 bp product. Specificity of amplification was further confirmed by demonstration of hybridization of a 32P-labelled invA gene fragment only to the specific 284 bp product. The detection of 99.4% of Salmonella strains tested and the failure to specifically amplify DNA from non-Salmonella strains confirm that the invA gene contains sequences unique to Salmonella and demonstrate that this gene is a suitable PCR target, with potential diagnostic applications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                agritm
                Agricultura técnica en México
                Agric. Téc. Méx
                Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (México, DF, Mexico )
                0568-2517
                June 2009
                : 35
                : 2
                : 135-145
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnamePosgrado en Fitosanidad- Fitopatología lumo@ 123456colpos.mx
                [02] Culiacán Sinaloa orgnameCentro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo orgdiv1Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y de Alimentos orgdiv2Unidad Culiacán chaqui@ 123456ciad.edu.mx
                [04] orgnameUniversity of California-Davis orgdiv1Department of Plant Science orgdiv2Mann Laboratory tvsuslow@ 123456ucdavis.edu
                [03] Montecillo Estado de México orgnameColegio de Postgraduados orgdiv1Posgrado en Socioeconomía orgdiv2Estadística e Informática- Economía rendon@ 123456colpos.mx
                Article
                S0568-25172009000200001 S0568-2517(09)03500200001
                c378cbde-d90c-4129-bc15-a6c1f89feb6e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : March 2008
                : March 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos

                PCR,invA,Sal,Salmonella spp.,pruebas bioquímicas,biochemical tests

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