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      Desempenho em consciência fonológica, memória operacional, leitura e escrita na dislexia familial Translated title: Phonological awareness, working memory, reading and writing performances in familial dyslexia

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          Abstract

          TEMA: dislexia familial. OBJETIVO: caracterizar o desempenho em consciência fonológica, memória operacional, leitura e escrita do probando com dislexia e de seus familiares afetados. MÉTODO: participaram deste estudo 10 núcleos familiais de parentesco natural de indivíduos com queixa específica de problemas de leitura e compreensão. Foram selecionadas famílias de probandos naturais e residentes na região do oeste do estado de São Paulo. Os requisitos de inclusão dos probandos foram: ser falante nativo do Português Brasileiro, ter idade acima de oito anos, apresentar histórico familial positivo para os problemas de aprendizagem, ou seja, apresentar no mínimo um outro parente com dificuldade para aprender em três gerações. Os critérios de exclusão para o grupo de probandos foram: apresentar qualquer distúrbio neurológico-genético tais como distonia, doenças extras piramidais, deficiência mental, epilepsia, transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH); sintomas ou condições psiquiátricas; ou outras condições pertinentes que poderiam gerar erros no diagnóstico. Para o diagnóstico de dislexia do desenvolvimento foram coletados dados de antecedente familial na histórica clínica com os pais das crianças e adolescentes para realização do heredograma. Foram realizadas avaliações neurológica, fonoaudiológica, psicológica e de desempenho escolar nos probandos e em seus parentes. RESULTADOS: os resultados deste estudo sugeriram que os probandos e seus familiares com dislexia apresentaram desempenho inferior ao grupo controle quanto à nomeação rápida, leitura, escrita e consciência fonológica. CONCLUSÃO: alterações em consciência fonológica, memória de trabalho, leitura e escrita tem susceptibilidade genética que possivelmente em interação com o meio ambiente determinam o quadro de dislexia.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND: familial dyslexia. AIM: to characterize and compare the phonological awareness, working memory, reading and writing abilities of individuals whose family members are also affected. METHOD: in this study 10 familial nuclei of natural family relationship of individuals with dyslexia were analyzed. Families of natural individuals living in the west region of the state of São Paulo were selected. Inclusion criteria were: to be a native speaker of the Brazilian Portuguese language, to have 8 years of age or more, to present positive familial history for learning disabilities, that is, to present at least one relative with difficulties in learning. Exclusion criteria were: to present any neurological disorder genetically caused or not, in any of the family members, such as dystonia, extra pyramidal diseases, mental disorder, epilepsy, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHA); psychiatric symptoms or conditions; or any other pertinent conditions that could cause errors in the diagnosis. As for the diagnosis of developmental dyslexia, information about the familial history of the adolescents and children was gathered with the parents, so that a detailed pedigree could be delineated. Neurological, psychological, speech-language, and school performance evaluations were made with the individuals and their families. RESULTS: the results of this study suggest that the dyslexic individuals and their respective relatives, also with dyslexia, presented lower performances than the control group in terms of rapid automatic naming, reading, writing and phonological awareness. CONCLUSION: deficits in phonological awareness, working memory, reading and writing seem to have genetic susceptibility that possibly determine, when in interaction with the environment, the manifestation of dyslexia.

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            Between 5% and 8% of school-age children have some form of memory or cognitive deficit that interferes with their ability to learn concepts or procedures in one or more mathematical domains. A review of the arithmetical competencies of these children is provided, along with discussion of underlying memory and cognitive deficits and potential neural correlates. The deficits are discussed in terms of three subtypes of mathematics learning disability and in terms of a more general framework for linking research in mathematical cognition to research in learning disabilities.
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              Teste de Desempenho Escolar: Manual para aplicação e interpretação

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pfono
                Pró-Fono Revista de Atualização Científica
                Pró-Fono R. Atual. Cient.
                Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda. (Barueri )
                0104-5687
                December 2007
                : 19
                : 4
                : 374-380
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [5 ] Hospital de Reabilitação Craniofacial
                Article
                S0104-56872007000400009
                10.1590/S0104-56872007000400009
                bd9bc6f2-e6d6-439f-8b43-8499b4262216

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0104-5687&lng=en
                Categories
                AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY
                REHABILITATION

                Audiology,Physiotherapy
                Dyslexia,Learning,Reading,Dislexia,Aprendizagem,Leitura
                Audiology, Physiotherapy
                Dyslexia, Learning, Reading, Dislexia, Aprendizagem, Leitura

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