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      Determining factors of domestic accidents in early childhood Translated title: Fatores determinantes para a ocorrência de acidentes domésticos na primeira infância

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          Abstract

          INTRODUCTION: Domestic accidents are one of the main causes of death among children, characterized by an event that involves multiple determinants, emphasizing, among others, intrapersonal, interpersonal, cultural and institutional factors. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the determinants of domestic accidents in early childhood. METHODS: This is an exploratory, descriptive, and cross-sectional study carried out in the Emergency Hospital of Teresina city, Piauí, Brazil, between January and March 2016. The population was composed of 21 caregivers of children under five years old, hospitalized between January and March 2016. For data collection, a structured interview was conducted on aspects related to the risk factors associated with the incidence of domestic accidents involving children. A descriptive analysis was performed, with absolute and relative frequencies for the variables. The Human Research Ethics Committee approved the research with Protocol No. 1324184. RESULTS: In relation to intrapersonal factors, pre-school children were the main victims (57.2%). For interpersonal factors, it was observed that most of participants (85.7%) considered the household unsafe for children. The evaluation of institutional factors showed that most caregivers (52.4%) had not been advised about the prevention of accidents at home. In terms of cultural factors, most participants (81%) had not heard news about domestic accidents. CONCLUSION: Parents and caregivers have very limited knowledge about the prevention of childhood accidents at home, with male pre-schoolers the main victims of domestic accidents.

          Translated abstract

          INTRODUÇÃO: O acidente doméstico é uma das principais causas de morte entre crianças, caracterizando-se por ser um evento que envolve múltiplos fatores determinantes, destacando-se os fatores intrapessoais, interpessoais, culturais e institucionais. OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores determinantes para ocorrência de acidentes domésticos na primeira infância. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, transversal, realizado no município de Teresina-PI, no Hospital de Urgência, no período de janeiro a março de 2016. A população foi composta por 21 cuidadores de crianças menores de cinco anos internados entre janeiro a março de 2016. Para coleta de dados realizou-se uma entrevista estruturada sobre os aspectos relacionados aos fatores determinantes para ocorrência de acidentes domésticos com crianças. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva, a partir de frequências absolutas e relativas para as variáveis. Foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob parecer de nº 1.324.184. RESULTADOS: Em relação aos fatores intrapessoais para ocorrência de acidentes domésticos, os pré-escolares foram as principais vítimas (57,2%). Na análise dos fatores interpessoais, averígua-se que a maioria das participantes (85,7%) não considerava o domicílio seguro para crianças. A avaliação dos fatores institucionais demonstrou que a maioria (52,4%) das cuidadoras não havia sido orientada quanto à prevenção de acidentes no domicílio. Sobre os fatores culturais, a maioria das participantes (81%) não havia tido conhecimento de notícias sobre acidentes domésticos. CONCLUSÃO: O pré-escolar do sexo masculino é a principal vítima de acidentes domésticos e são incipientes as orientações de pais e cuidadores sobre a prevenção de acidentes na infância.

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          Concepts and movements in health promotion to guide educational practices

          INTRODUCTION: in health promotion, practices are necessary to trigger mechanisms aimed at the creation or recreation of a new mode of enhancing health, in order to overcome the still-oriented actions of the biological approach. Prevailing actions oh health care, although important to the sector, do not advance toward a positive concept OBJECTIVE: to analyse the historical process of health as a concept and care models in the search for a new model of health promotion METHODS: This is a reflective review designed to understand and appraise the international and national literature from Medline/PubMed, Lilacs and the Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo). For the organisation of data, articles were separated by themes, and the process of categorisation was conducted based on content analysis RESULTS: Despite having the knowledge that consistent actions with the assumptions of health promotion are of great importance to quality of life and equity in health, implementing them remains a challenge due to the predominance of curative practices and an individualistic approach. These practices, in turn, are revealed to be a reflection of the concept of health that has passed from the absence of disease to a process related to social, political, economic and cultural factors CONCLUSION: The concept of health has been transformed from historical ideas, reflecting the emergence of new formulations about thinking and doing and, consequently, new proposals for changes in welfare models of health. Therefore, although the new model of healthcare has been structured from a health promotion perspective; there are still features of hegemonic models with the predominance of curative practices
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            Global childhood unintentional injury study: multisite surveillance data.

            We aimed to analyze the epidemiology of childhood unintentional injuries presenting to hospitals in 5 select sites in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (Bangladesh, Colombia, Egypt, Malaysia, and Pakistan). We collected standardized data from children ages 0 to 12 years at participating emergency departments (EDs) in 2007. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare the characteristics of these injuries and to explore the determinants of injury outcomes. Among 2686 injured children, falls (50.4%) and road traffic injuries (16.4%) were the most common, affecting boys more often (64.7%). Home injuries were more common among younger children (average 5.41 vs 7.06 years) and girls (38.2% vs 31.7%). Following an ED visit, 24% of injured children were admitted to the hospital, and 6 died. Injury outcomes were associated with risk factors, such as age and sex, to varying extents. Standardized ED surveillance revealed unintentional injuries are a threat to child health. The majority of events took place inside the home, challenging traditional concepts of children's safety and underscoring the need for intensified context-appropriate injury prevention.
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              Child home injury mortality in Europe: a 16-country analysis.

              Child injury mortality and morbidity are a public health concern in European countries and data are scarce. Cross-national efforts are needed to identify high-risk groups, follow trends and assist in establishing European-wide safety legislation. This study investigates fatal child injuries in the home, as compared to those in transport in European countries. Injury mortality was extracted from the World Health Organization Mortality Database for the years 2002-04. The mortality rate per 100 000 population was calculated by age group for 16 contributing countries, grouped by their economic level of development. Fatal home injuries were highest in children under 5 years of age and then sharply decreased, as opposed to road traffic injuries, which increased with age. The majority of the upper-middle-economy countries tended to have higher home injury incidence rates compared to the high-income countries. The top five injury causes all countries aggregated were drowning/submersion, thermal injuries, poisoning, falls and homicide, all of which account for almost 90% of home injury deaths. Home injuries were the leading cause of injury death in children under 5 years of age in the countries under study and the inequalities found among the countries indicate potential for improvement. Evidence-based interventions exist to prevent these injuries and the barriers to their implementation ought to be determined and addressed.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbcdh
                Journal of Human Growth and Development
                J. Hum. Growth Dev.
                Centro de Estudos de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento do Ser Humano (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0104-1282
                2175-3598
                2017
                : 27
                : 1
                : 10-18
                Affiliations
                [01] Teresina PI orgnameUniversidade Federal do Piauí orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermagem Brasil
                Article
                S0104-12822017000100002
                10.7322/jhgd.127643
                bb8fe060-26d6-44f6-be04-04372864b5d7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 December 2016
                : 14 February 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia


                enfermagem,accidents,child,acidentes,nursing,criança
                enfermagem, accidents, child, acidentes, nursing, criança

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