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      Both Zn biofortification and nutrient distribution pattern in cherry tomato plants are influenced by the application of ZnO nanofertilizer

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          Abstract

          A pot experiment was conducted to determine the influence of commercial nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) at different doses for use as nanofertilizer on nutrient uptake and its distribution in cherry tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L var. cerasiforme) plants in an acidic (soil pH 5.5) and calcareous soil (soil pH 8.5) from the Mediterranean area. We determined crop yield; macro- (N, P, K, Mg, S and Ca) and micro-nutrient (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na and Zn) concentrations in the different parts of the crop (root, stem, leaves and tomato fruits) and the extent of nutrient translocation to the aerial part of the plant. The concentrations of macronutrients N, P, K and Mg in tomato fruits grown in both soils can be considered adequate in terms of nutritional requirements. However, the Ca concentration in tomato fruits grown in the calcareous soil did not reach the required concentration to be considered sufficient. This effect was related to the characteristics of this calcareous soil. Although different concentrations of ZnO-NPs did not affect Fe and Na concentrations in tomato fruit, B concentration in tomato fruits increased with the application of ZnO-NPs. In addition, Cu concentration decreased with the application of ZnO-NPs compared to treatments without any Zn application (Nil-ZnO NP) in the calcareous soil. Manganese concentrations decreased with ZnO-NPs application in both soils. The effect of the application of ZnO-NPs depends on soil characteristics. Zinc applied as a nanofertilizer in the form of ZnO-NPs can be used to increase the crop yield and to obtain an adequate Zn biofortification in cherry tomato crop. The Zn concentrations in tomato fruits reached ranges of 4.5–4.8 mg Zn kg −1 in the acidic soil and 2.5–3,5 mg Zn kg −1 in the calcareous soil. Nutrient concentrations in these fruits following biofortification are adequate for human consumption.

          Abstract

          Nanoparticles; ZnO; Tomato fruit yield; Nutrient concentrations; Micronutrient concentrations; Nutrient translocation.

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          Most cited references67

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          Nanoparticulate material delivery to plants

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            Interaction of nanoparticles with edible plants and their possible implications in the food chain.

            The uptake, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and risks of nanomaterials (NMs) for food crops are still not well understood. Very few NMs and plant species have been studied, mainly at the very early growth stages of the plants. Most of the studies, except one with multiwalled carbon nanotubes performed on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and another with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on ryegrass, reported the effect of NMs on seed germination or 15-day-old seedlings. Very few references describe the biotransformation of NMs in food crops, and the possible transmission of the NMs to the next generation of plants exposed to NMs is unknown. The possible biomagnification of NPs in the food chain is also unknown.
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              Plant nanobionics approach to augment photosynthesis and biochemical sensing.

              The interface between plant organelles and non-biological nanostructures has the potential to impart organelles with new and enhanced functions. Here, we show that single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) passively transport and irreversibly localize within the lipid envelope of extracted plant chloroplasts, promote over three times higher photosynthetic activity than that of controls, and enhance maximum electron transport rates. The SWNT-chloroplast assemblies also enable higher rates of leaf electron transport in vivo through a mechanism consistent with augmented photoabsorption. Concentrations of reactive oxygen species inside extracted chloroplasts are significantly suppressed by delivering poly(acrylic acid)-nanoceria or SWNT-nanoceria complexes. Moreover, we show that SWNTs enable near-infrared fluorescence monitoring of nitric oxide both ex vivo and in vivo, thus demonstrating that a plant can be augmented to function as a photonic chemical sensor. Nanobionics engineering of plant function may contribute to the development of biomimetic materials for light-harvesting and biochemical detection with regenerative properties and enhanced efficiency.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Heliyon
                Heliyon
                Heliyon
                Elsevier
                2405-8440
                22 March 2022
                March 2022
                22 March 2022
                : 8
                : 3
                : e09130
                Affiliations
                [a ]Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Chemical and Food Technology Department, CEIGRAM, Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks, Madrid, 28040, Spain
                [b ]Centro Nacional Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Environment and Agronomy Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. p.almendros@ 123456upm.es
                Article
                S2405-8440(22)00418-2 e09130
                10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09130
                9280379
                35846478
                bb763be3-53f5-4dac-8aa5-a5d623f5016f
                © 2022 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 6 October 2021
                : 8 December 2021
                : 15 March 2022
                Categories
                Research Article

                nanoparticles,zno,tomato fruit yield,nutrient concentrations,micronutrient concentrations,nutrient translocation

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