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      Guias alimentares para crianças: aspectos históricos e evolução Translated title: Food guides for children: historical aspects and evolution

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          Abstract

          Os guias alimentares possuem duas propostas: a primeira, ser um guia de saúde pública, e a segunda, uma ferramenta de educação nutricional. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar um histórico dos guias alimentares e suas características, bem como abordar os guias dietéticos desenvolvidos especificamente para crianças. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico dos últimos dez anos, em base de dados Medline utilizando as palavras-chave guia alimentar, guia dietético infantil e pirâmide alimentar infantil. Desde 1916, os guias alimentares vêm sendo desenvolvidos a fim de traduzir as recomendações de uma dieta saudável para população, porém somente a partir de 1999 foi desenvolvido pelo United States Departament of Agriculture um guia alimentar para crianças. Observou-se que os guias alimentares infantis, de modo geral, foram elaborados recentemente. Poucos países os desenvolveram de acordo com o hábito alimentar das crianças, utilizando alimentos típicos da idade e tamanho das porções específicas para essa faixa etária, considerando a limitada capacidade gástrica das crianças. Conclui-se que é muito importante desenvolver, implementar e validar os guias alimentares infantis, pois são uma ferramenta de educação nutricional para a formação de hábitos saudáveis e para a prevenção de doenças crônicas.

          Translated abstract

          Food guide have two proposals: the first, as a public health guide and the second, as a nutritional educational tool. This study aimed at presenting a history of food guides and their characteristics, as well as approaching the dietary guides specifically developed for children. A bibliographical research of the last ten years was carried out in the Medline database, using the key words: food guide, dietary guidelines for children and food guide pyramid for young children. Food guides have been developed since 1916, translating the recommendations for a healthy diet to the population, but only in 1999 did the United States Department of Agriculture develop a food guide for children. It was observed that, in general, the food guides for young children were elaborated recently. Few countries have developed them according to the food habits of children, using foods typical of their age range and appropriate portion sizes, considering the limited gastric capacity of children. It was concluded that it was very important to develop, implement and validate food guides for young children, since they are a nutritional educational tool for the formation of healthy habits and the prevention of chronic diseases.

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          O Yamamoto (1998)
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            Position of the American Dietetic Association: Dietary guidance for healthy children ages 2 to 11 years.

            It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that children ages 2 to 11 years should achieve optimal physical and cognitive development, attain a healthy weight, enjoy food, and reduce the risk of chronic disease through appropriate eating habits and participation in regular physical activity. The health status of American children has generally improved over the past three decades. However, the number of children who are overweight has more than doubled among 2- to 5-year-old children and more than tripled among 6- to 11-year-old children, which has major health consequences. This increase in childhood overweight has broadened the focus of dietary guidance to address children's over consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and beverages and physical activity patterns. Health promotion will help reduce diet-related risks of chronic degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, obesity, and osteoporosis. This position paper reviews what US children are eating and explores trends in food and nutrient intakes as well as the impact of school meals on children's diets. Dietary recommendations and guidelines and the benefits of physical activity are also discussed. The roles of parents and caregivers in influencing the development of healthy eating behaviors are highlighted. The American Dietetic Association works with other allied health and food industry professionals to translate dietary recommendations and guidelines into achievable, healthful messages. Specific recommendations to improve the nutritional well-being of children are provided for dietetics professionals, parents, and caregivers.
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              Nutrition and your health: dietary guidelines for Americans

              (2005)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rn
                Revista de Nutrição
                Rev. Nutr.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (Campinas )
                1678-9865
                April 2006
                : 19
                : 2
                : 255-263
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [2 ] Fundação Ataulpho de Paiva Brasil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                Article
                S1415-52732006000200012
                10.1590/S1415-52732006000200012
                b973f955-d397-41a0-8616-1f2ce81163cb

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1415-5273&lng=en
                Categories
                NUTRITION & DIETETICS

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                child,nutrition education,food guides,food guide pyramid,criança,educação nutricional,guias alimentares,pirâmide alimentar

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