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      OS PAIS NO LOCAL DE TRABALHO- GUIA PRÁTICO Translated title: PARENTS IN THE WORKPLACE- PRACTICAL GUIDE

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Introdução Os trabalhadores com filhos em idade pediátrica são um grupo com importantes especificidades no local de trabalho. As equipas de saúde ocupacional e de saúde familiar, são frequentemente abordadas com preocupações sobre atuação em caso de doença do filho, direitos relacionados à amamentação, licença parental, ou horários flexíveis, sendo muitas vezes nos profissionais de saúde em quem os trabalhadores confiam para obter orientação e esclarecimento sobre os seus direitos e responsabilidades. Para além das questões legais, essas equipas identificam e mitigam riscos ocupacionais que afetam a saúde dos pais e filhos, protegendo as famílias. Metodologia Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa realizada em setembro de 2023, tendo sido utilizada como fonte o Código do Trabalho Português, assim como os guias práticos “Subsídio por assistência a filho”, “Subsídio por riscos específicos” e “Subsídio de Assistência a Filhos com Deficiência, Doença Crónica ou Doença Oncológica” do Instituto da Segurança Social, I.P. Conteúdo Os trabalhadores com filhos em idades pediátricas, especialmente nos primeiros anos de vida, têm consagrados no Código do Trabalho alguns direitos, com o objetivo de facilitar a transição para esta fase da vida. É o dever do profissional de saúde, no contexto da sua prática clínica, como integrante da equipa de saúde ocupacional, ou da equipa de saúde familiar, estar familiarizado com alguns desses direitos, nomeadamente relacionados com a licença parental, dispensa para amamentação, certificado de incapacidade por assistência a familiares, licença para assistência a filho com doença crónica, dispensa de trabalho suplementar e noturno, entre outros. É ainda direito do trabalhador ter as suas condições laborais avaliadas e adaptadas, sob parecer do Médico do Trabalho, devendo os profissionais que contactam com esta população conhecer as particularidades específicas a considerar. Conclusão Os médicos de Medicina Geral e Familiar, médicos de Medicina do Trabalho e equipas de saúde ocupacional são fundamentais para proteger os direitos e a saúde dos pais trabalhadores. Compreender as complexidades das leis laborais relacionadas com a parentalidade e a gestão dos riscos ocupacionais torna-se essencial na promoção de ambientes de trabalho inclusivos, ajudando os trabalhadores a equilibrar a vida profissional e familiar.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction Workers with pediatric-aged children are a group with important workplace specificities. Occupational health and family health teams are often approached with concerns about how to handle a child's illness, breastfeeding-related rights, parental leave, or flexible schedules. Often, healthcare professionals are the ones workers turn to for guidance and clarification on their rights and responsibilities. In addition to legal issues, these teams identify and mitigate occupational risks that affect the health of parents and children, ultimately protecting families. Methodology This is a narrative review conducted in September 2023, using the Portuguese Labor Code as a source, as well as practical guides such as "Childcare Allowance," "Specific Risks Allowance," and "Assistance Allowance for Children with Disabilities, Chronic Illness, or Oncological Disease" from the Institute for Social Security, I.P. Contents Workers with pediatric-aged children, especially in the early years of life, have certain rights enshrined in the Labor Code to facilitate the transition to this phase of life. It is the duty of healthcare professionals, within the context of their clinical practice, as members of the occupational health team or the family health team, to be familiar with some of these rights, particularly those related to parental leave, breastfeeding leave, certificate of incapacity for family care, leave for the care of a child with a chronic illness, exemption from overtime and night work, among others. It is also the right of the worker to have their working conditions assessed and adapted, based on the opinion of the Occupational Physician, and professionals who come into contact with this population should be aware of the specific particularities to consider. Conclusion Family doctors, occupational medicine physicians, and occupational health teams are essential in protecting the rights and health of working parents. Understanding the complexities of labor laws related to parenthood and occupational risks becomes essential in promoting inclusive work environments, helping workers balance their professional and family life.

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          Maternity leave duration and postpartum mental and physical health: implications for leave policies.

          This study examines the association of leave duration with depressive symptoms, mental health, physical health, and maternal symptoms in the first postpartum year, using a prospective cohort design. Eligible employed women, eighteen years or older, were interviewed in person at three Minnesota hospitals while hospitalized for childbirth in 2001. Telephone interviews were conducted at six weeks (N = 716), twelve weeks (N = 661), six months (N = 625), and twelve months (N = 575) after delivery. Depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), mental and physical health (SF-12 Health Survey), and maternal childbirth-related symptoms were measured at each time period. Two-stage least squares analysis showed that the relationship between leave duration and postpartum depressive symptoms is U-shaped, with a minimum at six months. In the first postpartum year, an increase in leave duration is associated with a decrease in depressive symptoms until six months postpartum. Moreover, ordinary least squares analysis showed a marginally significant linear positive association between leave duration and physical health. Taking leave from work provides time for mothers to rest and recover from pregnancy and childbirth. Findings indicate that the current leave duration provided by the Family and Medical Leave Act, twelve weeks, may not be sufficient for mothers at risk for or experiencing postpartum depression.
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            The effect of maternity leave length and time of return to work on breastfeeding.

            We investigated the effect of maternity leave length and time of first return to work on breastfeeding.
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              The effect of parental leave on parents’ mental health: a systematic review

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rpso
                Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional online
                RPSO
                Ajeogene Serviços Médicos Lda (Gondomar, , Portugal )
                2183-8453
                December 2023
                : 16
                : esub0418
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameUSF São João de Sobrado orgdiv1NOVA Medical School araimundo@ 123456arsnorte.min-saude.pt
                [1] orgnameUniversidade do Porto orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Portugal nuno.pereira@ 123456arsnorte.min-saude.pt
                Article
                S2183-84532023000200305 S2183-8453(23)01600000305
                10.31252/rpso.25.11.2023
                bdfa5193-5e88-471a-adb8-d2613a426755

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 October 2023
                : 04 November 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Portugal

                Categories
                Artigo de Revisão

                Amamentação,Medicina Geral e Familiar.,Medicina do Trabalho,Direitos laborais,Family practice.,Occupational Medicine,Breastfeeding,Labor rights

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