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      Experimental neutrino physics in a nuclear landscape

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          Abstract

          There are profound connections between neutrino physics and nuclear experiments. Exceptionally precise measurements of single and double beta-decay spectra illuminate the scale and nature of neutrino mass and may finally answer the question of whether neutrinos are their own anti-matter counterparts. Neutrino–nucleus scattering underpins oscillation experiments and probes nuclear structure, neutrinos offer a rare vantage point into collapsing stars and nuclear fission reactors and techniques pioneered in neutrino nuclear physics experiments are advancing quantum sensing technologies. In this article, we review current and planned efforts at the intersection of neutrino and nuclear experiments.

          This article is part of the theme issue ‘The liminal position of Nuclear Physics: from hadrons to neutron stars’.

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          Most cited references167

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          Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Transformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

          Observations of neutral-current nu interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the nu(e) component of the 8B solar flux is phis(e) = 1.76(+0.05)(-0.05)(stat)(+0.09)(-0.09)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-nu(e) component is phi(mu)(tau) = 3.41(+0.45)(-0.45)(stat)(+0.48)(-0.45)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), 5.3sigma greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar nu(e) flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is phi(NC) = 5.09(+0.44)(-0.43)(stat)(+0.46)(-0.43)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), consistent with solar models.
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            First results from KamLAND: evidence for reactor antineutrino disappearance.

            KamLAND has measured the flux of nu;(e)'s from distant nuclear reactors. We find fewer nu;(e) events than expected from standard assumptions about nu;(e) propagation at the 99.95% C.L. In a 162 ton.yr exposure the ratio of the observed inverse beta-decay events to the expected number without nu;(e) disappearance is 0.611+/-0.085(stat)+/-0.041(syst) for nu;(e) energies >3.4 MeV. In the context of two-flavor neutrino oscillations with CPT invariance, all solutions to the solar neutrino problem except for the "large mixing angle" region are excluded.
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              Neutrinoless double-βdecay in SU(2)×U(1) theories

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review and editing
                Role: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review and editing
                Role: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review and editing
                Journal
                Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
                Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
                RSTA
                roypta
                Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
                The Royal Society
                1364-503X
                1471-2962
                23 July 2024
                June 24, 2024
                June 24, 2024
                : 382
                : 2275
                : 20230122
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University; , Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
                [ 2 ] Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
                [ 3 ] Department of Physics, University of California; , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
                Author notes

                One contribution of 11 to a theme issue ‘The liminal position of Nuclear Physics: from hadrons to neutron stars’.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9363-0401
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2684-6402
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0401-4421
                Article
                rsta20230122
                10.1098/rsta.2023.0122
                11343210
                38910396
                b90017b4-9faf-4569-9bad-6cee4f62fc48
                © 2024 The Authors.

                Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : September 28, 2023
                : January 10, 2024
                : January 22, 2024
                Funding
                Funded by: Nuclear Physics, FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006209;
                Categories
                1009
                1009
                136
                145
                Review Articles
                Review Articles

                neutrinos,neutrino mass,underground science,low radioactive background experimental techniques,neutrino mass ordering

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