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      Autonomía de gestión en atención primaria: posicionamiento de los profesionales de Mallorca Translated title: Managerial autonomy in primary care: Position of health professionals in Mallorca

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          Resumen

          Objetivos

          Valorar los conocimientos, percepciones, expectativas y actitudes de los profesionales de Atención Primaria (AP) de Mallorca sobre la autonomía de gestión.

          Diseño

          Estudio descriptivo transversal, basado en un cuestionario ad hoc, anónimo, y distribuido de forma online, durante junio-julio del 2013.

          Emplazamiento

          AP Mallorca.

          Participantes

          Profesionales asistenciales de AP (n = 1.097).

          Mediciones

          Conocimientos sobre autogestión; competencias, requisitos y escenarios de futuro de los centros con autonomía de gestión (CAG); repercusión de la autogestión; disposición a asumir compromisos y riesgos, y a incorporarse a un CAG.

          Resultados

          Tasa de respuesta: 49,8% (546/1.097). El 10,9% mostró un alto nivel de conocimientos sobre autogestión, las principales competencias de un CAG fueron: capacidad de organización interna (87,5%) y de selección del personal (81,1%). Los futuros CAG se preveían con unos profesionales motivados e implicados (72,6%), resultados eficientes (66%), mayor calidad asistencial (59,4%) y mejor formación (52,8%). Los beneficios de la autogestión se consideraron importantes para los distintos profesionales y para la mejora de la AP de Mallorca (46,8%). Los principales requisitos de los CAG fueron disponer de directores capacitados (92,6%), sistemas de asignación presupuestaria (87,5%) y contratos de gestión adecuados (86,1%). Preferían que los CAG dependieran de la Administración (62,7%), y tenían interés personal en incorporarse a un CAG (56,9%), pero sin asumir excesivos compromisos (renuncia al régimen estatutario, riesgo económico).

          Conclusiones

          Estos datos aportan una información de gran importancia, hasta ahora desconocida, que puede contribuir a planificar con una mayor racionalidad y de forma participativa la puesta en marcha de CAG en nuestro medio.

          Translated abstract

          Objectives

          To assess the knowledge, perceptions, expectations and attitudes of Primary Care (PC) professionals in Mallorca on managerial autonomy.

          Design

          Cross-sectional study based on an ad hoc, anonymous questionnaire, distributed online, from June-July 2013.

          Location

          PC Mallorca.

          Participants

          PC healthcare professionals (n = 1,097).

          Measurements

          Knowledge of self-management skills, requirements, and future scenarios of the centers with management autonomy (CMA); impact of self-management, commitment and willingness to take risks, and to become a CMA.

          Results

          Response rate: 49.8% (546/1097), with 10.9% showing a high level of knowledge of self-management. The core competencies of a CMA were internal organizational capacity (87.5%) and selection of staff (81.1%). The CMA future was envisaged with motivated and involved professionals (72.6%), efficient results (66%), better quality of care (59.4%), and better training (52.8%). The benefits of self-management were considered important, for individual practitioners and for the improvement of PC in Mallorca (46.8%). The main requirements of the CMA were to have: trained managers (92.6%), budget allocation systems (87.5%), and appropriate management contracts (86.1%). They preferred that the CMA should depend on the Administration (62.7%), and had a personal interest in becoming a CMA (56.9%), but without taking on excessive commitments (waiving statutory regime, financial risk).

          Conclusions

          These data provide hitherto unknown information of great importance, which could contribute to a more rational planning and participatory implementation of CMA in our midst.

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          Most cited references12

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          Transparencia y buen gobierno en sanidad: También para salir de la crisis

          Los países prosperan sobre una base económica que permita desarrollar las potencialidades humanas en una sociedad que no renuncie a grandes logros, como el del estado del bienestar. Ello requiere que sus "reglas de juego", sus instituciones formales e informales, hagan individualmente atractivo lo socialmente conveniente. Mejorar el gobierno sanitario, también en su faceta de control de la corrupción, y contribuir a que España salga de la actual crisis económica, constituyen dos caras de la misma moneda. La caracterización del gobierno sanitario en España y el análisis de su impacto en las políticas de salud, la gestión de las organizaciones sanitarias y la práctica clínica, -permite elaborar una agenda tan ambiciosa como factible de las tareas pendientes que los profesionales sanitarios -en sentido muy amplio- y los responsables sociales debemos acometer con el apoyo ciudadano.
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            New context and old challenges in the healthcare system.

            The economic crisis cannot conceal the need for transformation of the National Health System. The financial difficulties of healthcare systems whose spending is growing at a faster rate than the economy have been well known for years. The development and diffusion of new technologies, increased use of health services, rising drug costs, inflation of prices, and the inefficiency of the system explain the new context. The challenges facing the healthcare system are not new: address the debt, improve funding, review the list of services, transform the governance of the system and provide the institutions with real management autonomy. The gravity of the economic situation can be an opportunity to carry out the long-awaited changes.
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              ¿Autogestión o autonomía de gestión? Informe SESPAS 2012

              Western countries with strong primary care systems organize their health services around this healthcare modality, which serves as a gateway to the system and is characterized by multidisciplinary teamwork, management transferred to the teams and a broad services portfolio. The contractual relationship between professionals and the public health system is a useful tool to modulate the efficiency of services and their ability to meet the expectations of citizens and professionals. Some countries choose to contract professionals directly, either individually or through a professional organization, an option known as a self-management system. Others opt to contract public or private entities, which in turn recruit health professionals as employees. In the latter countries, the concept of management decentralization and managerial autonomy has arisen. In Spain, only Catalonia has enabled professional entities to be hired to provide public health services, through commercial formulas, i.e. in a competitive market relationship. This relationship allows the use of corporate governance mechanisms that are not subject to public control through state intervention. The other forms of management promoted in Spain to avoid the controls of state intervention - foundations or associations - have been unsuccessful, except in the autonomous region of Valencia and some models in the autonomous region of Madrid.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Aten Primaria
                Aten Primaria
                Atencion Primaria
                Elsevier
                0212-6567
                1578-1275
                19 June 2014
                February 2015
                19 June 2014
                : 47
                : 2
                : 99-107
                Affiliations
                [a ]Centro de Salud del Coll d’en Rabassa, Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Mallorca, Ibsalut, Palma de Mallorca, España
                [b ]Gabinete Técnico, Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Mallorca, Ibsalut, Palma de Mallorca, España
                Author notes
                Article
                S0212-6567(14)00147-4
                10.1016/j.aprim.2014.04.002
                6985615
                24953173
                b50bb06a-65d8-4992-bbba-c289fc59d0be
                © 2014 Elsevier Espa˜na, S.L.U. Todos los derechos reservados.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).

                History
                : 16 February 2014
                : 8 April 2014
                Categories
                Originales

                autonomía de gestión,atención primaria,centros de salud,cuestionarios,autonomous management,primary care,health centers,questionnaires

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